State-owned enterprises (SOEs) play important roles in most economies, often providing public goods and services and operating in strategic sectors such as energy, extractives, infrastructure and finance. The weight of SOEs in the global economy has increased over the past decades. Since 2000, the number of SOEs in the top 500 global companies by revenue quadrupled from 34 to 126. Today, the state is an important owner representing 12% of global market capitalisation.
Since 2005, the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises (Guidelines) have been the leading international standard for policymakers to design effective ownership and corporate governance frameworks for SOEs. Revised in 2024, they aim to address the unique challenges and opportunities faced by state ownership in view of fostering transparency, accountability, integrity and efficiency within the state-owned sector.
The new report on Ownership and Governance of State-Owned Enterprises 2024 is a rich source of comparative information and global trends on the ownership and governance of SOEs.