The Government of Ukraine has embarked in an important effort to support the SME sector, adopting a comprehensive SME development strategy in 2017 and improving its institutional framework for SME policy, notably with the creation of the SME Development Office (SMEDO) and the inter-ministerial Co-ordination Council on Micro and Small Entrepreneurship Development. Throughout 2019, the OECD reviewed the implementation status of the SME development strategy in close co-operation with the Ministry for Development of Economy, Trade and Agriculture. This note summarises the main findings of this joint work, provides recommendations for future policy actions as well as targeted advice on how to build an effective, result-oriented monitoring system.