AI adoption can significantly boost firm productivity, with top-performing companies showing nearly double the adoption rates of the least productive firms. However, realising AI's full benefits requires investment in complementary assets like ICT infrastructure, management capabilities, and human capital – particularly skills in leadership and problem-solving.

Currently, AI adoption is concentrated in the ICT sector and among larger firms, whose adoption rates typically double those of smaller businesses. At the same time, some countries see higher AI uptake among younger firms. This concentrated adoption pattern could exacerbate productivity gaps between leading and lagging firms, potentially hindering inclusive growth.

To ensure broader economic benefits, policymakers must address adoption barriers through a comprehensive approach that enhances digital infrastructure, skills development, and innovation capabilities. Critical thinking skills will be especially crucial as AI applications expand, helping determine effective AI implementation while upholding human rights and democratic values.