Health Data Governance for the Digital Age
Annex A. Supplementary tables
Table A A.1. Key national health dataset availability, maturity and use
|
Country |
% of key national health datasets available1 |
% of available health care datasets with coverage of 80% or more of the population |
% of available health care datasets where data extracted automatically from electronic clinical or administrative records |
% of available health datasets where the time between record creation and inclusion in the dataset is one week or less |
% of available health datasets sharing the same unique patient ID |
% of available health care datasets where standard codes are used for clinical terminology |
% of available health datasets used to regularly report on health care quality or health system performance (published indicators) |
% of available health datasets regularly linked for research, statistics and/or monitoring (indicators) |
Sum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Australia |
92% |
100% |
56% |
17% |
17% |
78% |
83% |
67% |
5.09 |
|
Austria |
92% |
100% |
78% |
0% |
33% |
89% |
75% |
42% |
5.17 |
|
Belgium |
69% |
71% |
86% |
11% |
22% |
71% |
78% |
33% |
4.42 |
|
Canada |
85% |
75% |
75% |
0% |
64% |
100% |
91% |
100% |
5.89 |
|
Czech Republic |
77% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
90% |
100% |
90% |
60% |
6.17 |
|
Denmark |
100% |
100% |
100% |
77% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
7.77 |
|
Estonia |
92% |
89% |
78% |
50% |
83% |
100% |
92% |
25% |
6.09 |
|
Finland |
85% |
100% |
56% |
36% |
100% |
100% |
91% |
100% |
6.67 |
|
France |
92% |
78% |
56% |
8% |
58% |
100% |
83% |
67% |
5.42 |
|
Germany |
31% |
100% |
33% |
0% |
0% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
3.64 |
|
Ireland |
77% |
86% |
29% |
0% |
0% |
29% |
0% |
0% |
2.20 |
|
Israel |
85% |
88% |
100% |
18% |
64% |
100% |
100% |
64% |
6.18 |
|
Japan |
85% |
100% |
75% |
0% |
45% |
88% |
27% |
9% |
4.29 |
|
Korea |
92% |
89% |
89% |
58% |
100% |
100% |
92% |
67% |
6.87 |
|
Latvia |
77% |
88% |
63% |
80% |
80% |
100% |
90% |
70% |
6.47 |
|
Luxembourg |
77% |
100% |
71% |
10% |
70% |
86% |
100% |
30% |
5.44 |
|
Netherlands |
92% |
70% |
100% |
0% |
75% |
100% |
83% |
83% |
6.04 |
|
Norway |
100% |
80% |
90% |
0% |
77% |
90% |
85% |
69% |
5.91 |
|
Singapore (non-Adherent) |
100% |
80% |
100% |
0% |
62% |
90% |
31% |
31% |
4.93 |
|
Slovenia |
77% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
70% |
100% |
70% |
60% |
5.77 |
|
Sweden |
92% |
100% |
100% |
8% |
92% |
100% |
100% |
92% |
6.84 |
|
United Kingdom (Scotland) |
92% |
100% |
67% |
0% |
0% |
78% |
67% |
17% |
4.20 |
|
United States |
54% |
33% |
17% |
0% |
14% |
67% |
57% |
57% |
2.99 |
Note: The sum column is the sum of the preceding columns and the maximum is 8. n.a: not applicable
1.Thirteen national datasets including ten health care datasets (hospital in-patient, mental hospital in-patient, emergency health care, primary care, prescription medicines, cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, mortality and formal long-term care); patient experiences survey, population health survey and population census/registry.
Source: Oderkirk (2021[10]), “Survey Results: National Health Data Infrastructure and Governance”, https://doi.org/10.1787/55d24b5d-en.
Table A A.2. Proportion of key national health care datasets with recommended governance elements
|
Country |
Legislation authorises datasets |
Data privacy/data protection officer |
Staff are trained in data protection |
Staff data access controls |
Data de‑identified prior to analysis |
Testing re‑identification attack risk |
Data shared within public sector |
Data shared with academic/non-profit sector |
Data shared with for-profit sector |
Data shared cross-border |
Standard data sharing agreement |
Either remote data access service or research data centre |
Public description of dataset |
Description includes legal basis for the dataset |
Procedure to request and approval criteria for data linkage are publically available |
Sum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Australia |
67% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
78% |
89% |
89% |
100% |
78% |
33% |
100% |
22% |
100% |
11.56 |
|
Austria |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
89% |
44% |
33% |
33% |
0% |
78% |
78% |
78% |
0% |
9.33 |
|
Belgium |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
43% |
57% |
100% |
0% |
100% |
100% |
29% |
100% |
100% |
57% |
11.86 |
|
Canada |
25% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
88% |
88% |
75% |
75% |
88% |
25% |
88% |
75% |
88% |
11.13 |
|
Czech Republic |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
7.00 |
|
Denmark |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
90% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
14.90 |
|
Estonia |
100% |
100% |
33% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
100% |
89% |
89% |
89% |
0% |
0% |
100% |
33% |
11% |
9.44 |
|
Finland |
100% |
100% |
100% |
67% |
100% |
0% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
11% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
12.78 |
|
France |
78% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
78% |
100% |
100% |
78% |
78% |
67% |
67% |
89% |
67% |
67% |
12.67 |
|
Germany |
67% |
67% |
33% |
33% |
67% |
33% |
33% |
67% |
33% |
67% |
67% |
33% |
100% |
100% |
33% |
8.33 |
|
Ireland |
100% |
14% |
14% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
14% |
0% |
14% |
0% |
14% |
1.71 |
|
Israel |
88% |
100% |
0% |
0% |
100% |
0% |
88% |
88% |
0% |
0% |
100% |
63% |
63% |
63% |
100% |
8.50 |
|
Japan |
100% |
100% |
13% |
75% |
88% |
0% |
0% |
88% |
13% |
0% |
75% |
0% |
100% |
13% |
88% |
7.50 |
|
Korea |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
89% |
89% |
89% |
0% |
0% |
78% |
78% |
89% |
89% |
89% |
11.89 |
|
Latvia |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
38% |
100% |
0% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
11.38 |
|
Luxembourg |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
14% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
57% |
100% |
86% |
57% |
57% |
14% |
10.86 |
|
Netherlands |
80% |
100% |
100% |
60% |
100% |
20% |
70% |
80% |
20% |
60% |
100% |
50% |
100% |
70% |
60% |
10.70 |
|
Norway |
90% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
0% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
6.90 |
|
Singapore (non-Adherent) |
40% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
70% |
80% |
10% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
50% |
100% |
20% |
20% |
0% |
9.90 |
|
Slovenia |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
14% |
100% |
0% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
11.14 |
|
Sweden |
89% |
100% |
100% |
11% |
100% |
11% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
0% |
100% |
11% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
10.22 |
|
United Kingdom (Scotland) |
89% |
89% |
89% |
89% |
89% |
89% |
89% |
89% |
89% |
0% |
89% |
89% |
89% |
89% |
89% |
12.44 |
|
United States1 |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
83% |
100% |
100% |
0% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
17% |
83% |
12.83 |
Note: The sum is the addition of the preceding columns and the maximum sum is 15.
1. National health care datasets of the US National Centre for Health Statistics.
Source: Oderkirk, (2021[10]), “Survey Results: National Health Data Infrastructure and Governance”, https://doi.org/10.1787/55d24b5d-en.