OECD Economic Surveys: Portugal 2021

Basic statistics of Portugal, 2020

(Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average)*

LAND, PEOPLE AND ELECTORAL CYCLE
Population (million)	10.3		Population density per km²	112.5	(38.6)
Under 15 (%)	13.4	(17.8)	Life expectancy at birth (years)	81.1	(80.2)
Over 65 (%)	22.4	(17.4)	Men	78.1	(77.6)
International migrant stock (% of population)	9.7	(13.2)	Women	83.7	(82.9)
Latest 5-year average growth (%)	-0.1	(0.6)	Latest general election	October	2019
ECONOMY
Gross domestic product (GDP)			Value added shares (%)
In current prices (billion USD)	228.3		Agriculture, forestry and fishing	2.3	(2.8)
In current prices (billion EUR)	200.1		Industry including construction	22.0	(26.3)
Latest 5-year average real growth (%)	0.4	(0.8)	Services	75.7	(71.0)
Per capita (000 USD PPP)	34.1	(46.3)
GENERAL GOVERNMENT Per cent of GDP
Expenditure	49.3	(49.8)	Gross financial debt (OECD: 2019)	157.5	(108.9)
Revenue	43.5	(38.9)	Net financial debt (OECD: 2019)	112.7	(67.9)
EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS
Exchange rate (EUR per USD)	0.88		Main exports (% of total merchandise exports)
PPP exchange rate (USA = 1)	0.57		Machinery and transport equipment	29.5
In per cent of GDP			Manufactured goods	21.5
Exports of goods and services	37.0	(50.6)	Miscellaneous manufactured articles	16.9
Imports of goods and services	39.1	(47.1)	Main imports (% of total merchandise imports)
Current account balance	-1.1	(0.0)	Machinery and transport equipment	31.7
Net international investment position	-114.4		Chemicals and related products, n.e.s.	15.6
			Manufactured goods	15.1
LABOUR MARKET, SKILLS AND INNOVATION
Employment rate (aged 15 and over, %)	54.1	(55.1)	Unemployment rate, Labour Force Survey (aged 15 and over, %)	6.8	(7.1)
Men	59.0	(63.0)	Youth (aged 15-24, %)	22.5	(15.0)
Women	49.8	(47.7)	Long-term unemployed (1 year and over, %)	2.3	(1.3)
Participation rate (aged 15 and over, %)	58.0	(59.5)	Tertiary educational attainment (aged 25-64, %)	28.2	(39.0)
Average hours worked per year	1,613	(1,687)	Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP, OECD: 2018)	1.6	(2.6)
ENVIRONMENT
Total primary energy supply per capita (toe)	2.0	(3.7)	CO2 emissions from fuel combustion per capita (tonnes, 2019)	4.3	( 8.3)
Renewables (%)	28.2	(11.9)	Water abstractions per capita (1 000 m³, 2017)	0.5
Exposure to air pollution (more than 10 μg/m³ of PM 2.5, % of population, 2019)	15.2	(61.7)	Municipal waste per capita (tonnes, 2019)	0.5	(0.5)
SOCIETY
Income inequality (Gini coefficient, 2018, OECD: latest available)	0.317	(0.318)	Education outcomes (PISA score, 2018)
Relative poverty rate (%, 2018, OECD: 2017)	10.4	(11.7)	Reading	492	(485)
Median disposable household income (thousand USD PPP, 2018, OECD: 2017)	17.3	(24.2)	Mathematics	492	(487)
Public and private spending (% of GDP)			Science	492	(487)
Health care (OECD: 2019)	10.1	(8.8)	Share of women in parliament (%)	40.0	(31.5)
Pensions (2017)	12.8	(8.6)	Net official development assistance (% of GNI, 2017)	0.2	(0.4)
Education (% of GNI, 2019)	4.9	(4.4)

Notes : The year is indicated in parenthesis if it deviates from the year in the main title of this table.

* Where the OECD aggregate is not provided in the source database, a simple OECD average of latest available data is calculated where data exist for at least 80% of member countries.

Source: Calculations based on data extracted from databases of the following organisations: OECD, International Energy Agency, International Labour Organisation, International Monetary Fund, United Nations, World Bank, Eurostat, Statistics Portugal.