OECD Economic Surveys: Portugal 2023
Basic Statistics of Portugal, 2022
(Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average)²
|
LAND, PEOPLE AND ELECTORAL CYCLE |
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|
Population (million, 2021) |
10.3 |
Population density per km² (2021) |
112.7 |
(38.7) |
|
|
Under 15 (%, 2021) |
13.3 |
(17.4) |
Life expectancy at birth (years, 2021) |
81.1 |
(78.7) |
|
Over 65 (%, 2021) |
22.6 |
(17.7) |
Men (2021) |
78.0 |
(75.9) |
|
International migrant stock (% of population, 2019) |
8.7 |
(13.2) |
Women (2021) |
84.3 |
(81.7) |
|
Latest 5-year average growth (%) |
0.0 |
(0.5) |
Latest general election |
January |
2022 |
|
ECONOMY |
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|
Gross domestic product (GDP) |
Value added shares (%, 2021) |
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|
In current prices (billion USD) |
252.1 |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing |
2.5 |
(2.6) |
|
|
In current prices (billion EUR) |
239.2 |
Industry including construction |
22.7 |
(26.6) |
|
|
Latest 5-year average real growth (%) |
1.7 |
(1.6) |
Services |
74.8 |
(70.8) |
|
Per capita (thousand USD PPP, 2021) |
36.6 |
(50.9) |
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|
GENERAL GOVERNMENT Per cent of GDP |
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|
Expenditure (OECD: 2021) |
44.8 |
(46.3) |
Gross financial debt (OECD: 2021) |
116.6 |
(107.5) |
|
Revenue (OECD: 2021) |
44.4 |
(38.8) |
Net financial debt (OECD: 2021) |
79.9 |
(68.7) |
|
EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS |
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|
Exchange rate (EUR per USD) |
0.95 |
Main exports (% of total merchandise exports) |
|||
|
PPP exchange rate (USA = 1) |
0.55 |
Machinery and transport equipment |
26.3 |
||
|
In per cent of GDP |
Manufactured goods |
22.3 |
|||
|
Exports of goods and services |
50.0 |
(33.3) |
Miscellaneous manufactured articles |
15.4 |
|
|
Imports of goods and services |
52.6 |
(34.9) |
Main imports (% of total merchandise imports) |
||
|
Current account balance |
-1.3 |
(-1.1) |
Machinery and transport equipment |
27.0 |
|
|
Net international investment position (2021) |
-90.5 |
Chemicals and related products, n.e.s. |
16.3 |
||
|
Manufactured goods |
15.2 |
||||
|
LABOUR MARKET, SKILLS AND INNOVATION |
|||||
|
Employment rate (aged 15 and over, %) |
55.1 |
(57.5) |
Unemployment rate, Labour Force Survey (aged 15 and over, %) |
6.0 |
(5.0) |
|
Men |
59.6 |
(65.4) |
Youth (aged 15-24, %) |
19.0 |
(10.9) |
|
Women |
51.2 |
(50.2) |
Long-term unemployed (1 year and over, %) |
2.7 |
(1.2) |
|
Participation rate (aged 15 and over, %) |
60.1 |
(60.9) |
Tertiary educational attainment (aged 25-64, %, 2021) |
31.1 |
(39.9) |
|
Average hours worked per year (OECD: 2021) |
1,635 |
(1,728) |
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP, 2020) |
1.6 |
(3.0) |
|
ENVIRONMENT |
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|
Total primary energy supply per capita (toe, 2021) |
1.9 |
(3.8) |
CO2 emissions from fuel combustion per capita (tonnes, 2021) |
3.3 |
(7.9) |
|
Renewables (%, 2021) |
29.4 |
(11.6) |
Water abstractions per capita (1 000 m³, 2021) |
0.7 |
|
|
Exposure to air pollution (more than 10 μg/m³ of PM 2.5, % of population, 2019) |
15.2 |
(61.7) |
Municipal waste per capita (tonnes, 2021, OECD:2020) |
0.5 |
(0.5) |
|
SOCIETY |
|||||
|
Income inequality (Gini coefficient, 2019, OECD: latest available) |
0.310 |
(0.315) |
Education outcomes (PISA score, 2018) |
||
|
Relative poverty rate (%, 2019, OECD: 2018) |
10.6 |
(11.7) |
Reading |
492 |
(485) |
|
Median disposable household income (thousand USD PPP, 2019, OECD: 2018) |
18.7 |
(25.5) |
Mathematics |
492 |
(487) |
|
Public and private spending (% of GDP) |
Science |
492 |
(487) |
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|
Health care (2021, OECD: 2020) |
11.2 |
(9.7) |
Share of women in parliament (%) |
37.0 |
(32.5) |
|
Pensions (2019) |
12.5 |
(9.5) |
Net official development assistance (% of GNI, 2017) |
0.2 |
(0.4) |
|
Education (% of GNI, 2021) |
4.6 |
(4.4) |
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Note: The year is indicated in parenthesis if it deviates from the year in the main title of this table.
* Where the OECD aggregate is not provided in the source database, a simple OECD average of latest available data is calculated where data exist for at least 80% of member countries.
Source: Calculations based on data extracted from databases of the following organisations: OECD, International Energy Agency, International Labour Organisation, International Monetary Fund, United Nations, World Bank.