SME and Entrepreneurship Policy in Brazil 2020

Basic statistics of Brazil

 

Population and electoral cycle
Population (million)	209.5		Population density per km²	25.1	(37.8)
Under 15 (%)	21.3	(17.8)	Life expectancy at birth (years, 2017)	75.5	(80.1)
Over 65 (%)	8.9	(17.1)	Men	71.8	(77.5)
International migrant stock (% of population)	0.3	(10.1)	Women	79.2	(82.9)
Latest 5-year population growth (%)	0.8	(0.6)	Latest general elections	Oct-2018
Economy
Gross domestic product (GDP)			Value-added shares of GDP (%)
In current prices (billion BRL)	6 889.2		Agriculture, forestry, and fishing	5.1	(2.4)
In current prices (billion USD)	1 895.6		Industry including construction	21.6	(27.3)
Latest 5-year average GDP growth (%)	-0.8	(2.3)	Services	73.3	(70.4)
Per capita (000 USD PPP)	16.2	(47.0)
General government
Revenue (% of GDP)	31.3	(38.2)	Gross financial debt (OECD: 2017)	86.2	(109.5)
Expenditure (% of GDP)	38.5	(41.2)	Net financial debt (OECD: 2017)	54.2	(69.4)
External accounts
Exchange rate (BRL per USD)	3.63		Main exports (% of total merchandise exports)
Value in USD of BRL 1 million	273 673		Crude materials, inedible, except fuels	30.6
PPP exchange rate (USA =1)	2.03		Food and live animals	18.3
In % of GDP			Machinery and transport equipment	16.9
Exports of goods & services	14.9	(55.5)	Main imports (% of total merchandise imports)
Imports of goods & services	14.5	(51.3)	Machinery and transport equipment	36.6
Current account balance	-1.2	(0.3)	Chemicals and related products	24.1
Net international investment position	-32.6		Mineral fuels, lubricants and related materials	14.4
Labour market, skills and innovation
Employment rate (aged 14 and over, %)	54.6	(57.1)	Unemployment rate, Labour Force Survey (aged 14 and over, %)	12.0	(5.3)
Men	64.3	(65.3)	Youth (aged 14-29, %)	22.3	(11.1)
Women	45.6	(49.4)	Long-term unemployed (1 year and over, %)	5.1	(1.5)
Participation rate (aged 14 and over, %)	62.0	(60.5)	Tertiary educational attainment (aged 25-64, % 2017, OECD: 2018)	17.2	(36.9)
Mean weekly hours worked	62.0	(60.5)	Gross domestic expenditure on Research & Development (% of GDP, 2016, OECD: 2017)	1.3	(2.6)
Society
Education outcomes (PISA score)			Public and private spending (% of GDP)
Reading	413	(489)	Health care (2016, OECD: 2018)	9.2	(8.8)
Mathematics	384	(492)	Pensions (public, OECD: 2015)	13.1	(7.9)
Science	404	(491)	Education (public, 2017)	6.1	(4.5)
			Income inequality (Gini coefficient, OECD: 2016)	0.54	(0.31)
			Relative poverty rate (%, OECD: 2016)	24.2	(11.6)
			Median disposable household income (000 USD PPP, OECD: 2016)	4.8	(23.6)

Note: Statistics updated of 2018 unless stated otherwise. Values in parentheses are OECD averages. PISA: Programme for International Student Assessment.

Source: OECD, International Energy Agency, International Labour Organization, International Monetary Fund, World Bank.