When combined with the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions statistics from Air Emissions Accounts compiled by Eurostat and the OECD plus other industry statistics, the OECD Inter-Country Input-Output (ICIO) database can be used to estimate demand-based GHG emissions by products from purchasers’ perspectives. This allows to explore the emissions from all intermediate, final consumption and capital formation expenditures along global production chains. The additional usage of emissions statistics compiled under the System of Environmental Economic Accounting Framework based on the resident principle also allows calculation of production-based emissions that cover not only CO2 emissions from fuel combustion, but also non-fuel combustion emissions.
Building on previous work comparing production-based and demand-based (consumption-based) measures of CO2 emissions, the greenhouse gas footprint indicators reveal GHG emissions embedded in domestic and international production networks and GHG footprints associated with final demand patterns from purchasers’ price perspectives for all 76 trade in value-added (TiVA) countries and the rest of the world.
GHG indicators include: GHG emissions based on production (i.e. emitted by countries); GHG emissions embodied in domestic final demand (the total demand but also the final demand in basic prices and in purchasers prices); net exports of GHG emissions; net imports of GHG emissions; domestic emissions in exports; domestic emissions in final demand; foreign emissions in domestic demand; production and demand-based per capita emissions; and production and demand-based per GDP emissions.
