This publication was edited by Alistair Nolan from the OECD Directorate for Science Technology and Innovation. Alistair Nolan also wrote the opening overview and synthesis of policy recommendations.
Special thanks are due to several experts who provided ideas and advice through much of the process of preparing this book, and for commenting on various of the essays. Among this group are Marjorie Blumenthal, William Clements, Jeremy Frey, Aishik Ghosh, Dominique Guellec, Ross King, Isabelle Ryle, and Hector Zenil.
Valuable comments on parts of the book were had from Jesus Anton, Jonathan Brooks, Alessandra Colecchia, Diogo Machado, Daniel Opalka, Carthage Smith, and Pierre Warnier.
Thanks are due to all the authors of the papers in this publication, who gave freely of their time and insights. Some of the essays also benefitted from the assistance of third parties, as follows.
For helping to develop the Elicit model described in the essay “Elicit: Language models as research tools”, the authors thank Ben Rachbach, Amanda Ngo, Eli Lapland, Justin Reppert, Luke Stebbing, Melissa Samworth, and James Brady.
As concerns the essay “AI in drug discovery”, Kristof Zsolt Szalay extends thanks to Andreas Bender, Krishna Bulusu, Abraham Heifets and Aviad Tsherniak for insights into the state of the field, as well as to Andreas Bender and Daniel V. Veres for expert reviews.
With respect to the essay “Declining R&D efficiency – Evidence from Japan”, Tsutomu Miyagawa expresses gratitude to Takayuki Ishikawa.
With regards to the essay “The end of Moore’s Law? Innovation in computer systems continues at a high pace”, Henry Kressel acknowledges valuable discussions with William Janeway.
Sylvain Fraccola helped generate graphics, and Mark Foss copy edited the entirety of the text, with support from Céline Colombier-Maffre.
Thanks are due to all the participants and contributors to the workshop “AI and the Productivity of Science”, held from 29 October to 5 November 2021. Celia Valeani managed the organisation of that event.
Angela Gosmann, Beatrice Jeffries and Blandine Serve kindly made the text ready for publication.
Lastly, the essay “Quantifying the ‘cognitive extent’ of science and how it has changed over time (and across countries)” was made possible in part thanks to support from the United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research, and a Grant Thornton Fellowship.