Asian Bond Market Initiative
Association of Credit Rating Agencies in Asia
Asian Financial Crisis
Alliance for Financial Inclusion
Artificial intelligence
Asia Pacific Vaccine Access facility
African Risk Capacity
Association of Southeast Asian Nations
Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam
ASEAN-10 countries plus China, Japan and Korea
ASEAN Working Committee on Financial Inclusion
Automated teller machines
Bank for International Settlements
Brunei dollars
Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas
Climate Bonds Initiative
Caribbean Catastrophe Risk Insurance Facility
Caribbean Development Bank
Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations
Credit Guarantee and Investment Facility
Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy
Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar
COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access facility
Consumer Price Index
Cambodia Securities Exchange
Debt Service Suspension Initiative
Debt-to-income
European Central Bank
European Investment Bank
Executives’ Meeting of East Asia-Pacific Central Banks
Environmental, Social and Governance
Food and Agriculture Organization
Foreign Direct Investment
Financial Education Programme for Adults
Fast and Easy Testing
Financial technology
Green Bond Principles
Gross Domestic Product
Global Financial Crisis
Global Positioning System
International Chamber of Commerce
International Capital Market Association
Information and Communication Technology
Intensive Care Unit
Indonesian rupiah
International Finance Corporation
International Labour Organization
Insurance-linked securities
International Monetary Fund
Indian rupee
Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India
Japanese yen
Cambodian riel
Key performance indicator
London Interbank Offered Rate
Loan-to-value
Monetary Authority of Singapore
Multilateral development banks
Multilateral lending institution
Myanmar kyat
Messenger ribonucleic acid
Micro, small and medium enterprises
Ministry of Trade and Industry
Malaysian ringgit
Nominal Effective Exchange Rate
National News Bureau of Thailand
Non-pharmaceutical interventions
Net present value
National Strategy for Financial Education
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
People’s Bank of China
Philippine City Disaster Insurance Pool
Pacific Catastrophe Risk Assessment and Financing Initiative
Pandemic Emergency Financing Facility
Philippine peso
Purchasing Managers’ Index
Personal Protective Equipment
Philippine Statistics Authority
Quick Response
Reserve Bank of Fiji
Reserve Bank of India
Chinese renminbi
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
Social Bond Principles
Sustainable Development Goals
Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Insurance Facility
Securities and Exchange Board of India
Sustainable Finance Working Group
Small and medium-sized enterprises
Special-purpose vehicle
Tourism Authority of Thailand
Taskforce for Climate-related Financial Disclosures
United States Tropical Forest and Coral Reef Conservation Act
Thai baht
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
United Nations Development Programme
United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
United Nations Children’s Fund
US dollars
Value added tax
Vietnamese dong
World Health Organization
Womenpreneur Indonesia for Sustainability & Empowerment
World Resources Institute