This report was prepared by the OECD Public Governance Directorate led by Marcos Bonturi in co-operation with the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) led by Christian Archambeau through European Observatory on Infringements of Intellectual Property Rights.
The report was prepared by Piotr Stryszowski, Senior Economist and Florence Mouradian, Economist at the OECD Directorate for Public Governance jointly with Michał Kazimierczak, Economist at the European Observatory on Infringements of Intellectual Property Rights of the EUIPO, under the supervision of Stéphane Jacobzone, Acting Head of Division, OECD and Nathan Wajsman, Chief Economist, EUIPO. Significant inputs were received from Peter Avery, senior consultant at the OECD.
The authors are grateful to participants of several seminars and workshops for the valuable assistance provided. Special expressions of appreciation are given to Evdokia Moïse and Silvia Sorescu from the OECD Trade Directorate as well as to Robert Lake from the New Zealand Customs, Jan Matuska from A.T. Kearney and Riikka Pakkanen from the Finnish Customs.
Raquel Paramo, Eleonore Morena and Andrea Uhrhammer provided editorial and production support.
The quantitative research in this study relied on rich, global database on customs seizures, provided by the World Customs Organization (WCO) and supplemented with regional data submitted by the European Commission's Directorate-General for Taxation and Customs Union, the US Customs and Border Protection Agency and the US Immigration and Customs Enforcement. The authors express their gratitude for the data and for the valuable support of these institutions.