2021 unless noted otherwise, numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average or total OECD
Multi-dimensional Review of El Salvador
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Facts and figures of El Salvador
People: Towards better lives for all |
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---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population (million) |
6.33h |
(1 372.74) |
Life expectancy (years)* |
71.1j |
(79.0) |
Under 15 (%) |
23.4h |
(17.44) |
Men |
66.4j |
(76.2) |
Over 65 (%) |
7.3h |
(17.69) |
Women |
75.4j |
(82.0) |
Urban population (% of total) |
61.66k |
(81.24) |
Mean years of schooling (population 25 and over)a |
7.15* |
(12.25*)2 |
Income inequality (Gini coefficient) |
38.8** |
(33.25)2 |
Government expenditure on education (% of GDP) |
4.22 |
(5.26*) |
Unemployment rate (%) |
6.3k |
(6.27) |
Labour force participation rate (% of total population aged 15 and over) |
61.7k |
(60.3)c |
Youth unemployment rate |
14.0k |
(13.75) |
Men |
79.8k |
(68.6)c |
(% of labour force aged 16-24) |
Women |
46.9k |
(52.4)c |
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Firms with female top manager (% of firms) |
28*** |
(17.31) |
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%) |
29.7m |
(32.4) |
Prosperity: Boosting productivity |
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GDP in current billion USD |
29.45 |
(58 268.35) |
Share of GDP: |
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GDP growth (real, annual %) |
11.18n |
(5.59)c |
Agriculture, forestry and fishing (%) |
4.86n |
(1.42) |
GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2017 international $) |
9 086 |
(44 827) |
Industry, including construction (%) |
20.71n |
(22.28) |
Services (%) |
57.85n |
(70.96) |
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Trade (% GDP): |
Research and development expenditure |
0.17** |
(2.96*) |
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Exports of goods and services |
28.28 |
(28.16) |
(% of GDP) |
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Imports of goods and services |
52.49 |
(28.18) |
Fixed broadband subscriptions (per 100 people) |
9.37o |
(33.64) |
Net FDI inflows (% of GDP) |
1.07n |
(1.9) |
Current account balance (% of GDP) |
-4.32n |
(1.24) |
Partnerships: Sustainably financing development |
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Government revenue (% of GDP)b |
20.5l |
(40.17) |
General government total expenditure (% of GDP) |
25.31l |
(44.55)b |
General government debt, total (% of GDP) |
79.0l |
(78.15)b |
Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) |
60.29n* |
(65.31*) |
Tax revenue (% of GDP)c |
19.60l |
(15.3*) |
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Peace: Strengthening governance |
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Intentional homicides (per 100 000 population) |
18.1g |
(6.16*)d |
Corruption perceptions index1, f |
34 |
(66.58) |
% of population who feel safe walking alone at nighte |
62.89† |
(88.67†) |
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Planet: Conserving nature |
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Land area (thousand sq. km) |
20 720* |
(35 508 602*) |
Agricultural land (% of land area) |
57.71* |
(33.85*) |
Forest area (% of land area) |
28.18* |
(32.76*) |
Arable land (% of land area) |
34.8* |
(10.46*) |
Total primary energy supply (TPES) per capita (toe)c |
0.66* |
(3.81) |
CO2 emissions (metric tonnes per capita) |
1.24** |
(8.52**) |
Renewables (% of TPES)c |
50.32* |
(11.56) |
PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (µg/m3) |
24.47‡ |
(14.55‡) |
Notes: FDI = Foreign Direct Investment. Data are for 2021 or latest available year: in particular, * for 2020, ** for 2019, *** for 2016, † for 2022, and ‡ for 2017.
1. Index ranges from 0 (highly corrupt) to 100 (not corrupt).
2. OECD average is calculated using last observation carried forward from 2013 to 2021.
Source: Authors’ calculations based on various sources (extracted 29 March 2023): Unless otherwise noted, data are World Bank, World Development Indicators (database), https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators. a UIS, UIS.Stat (database), http://data.uis.unesco.org/, b International Monetary Fund, IMF Data (database), https://www.imf.org/en/Data, c OCDE, OECD.Stat (database), https://stats.oecd.org/; d UNODC, dataUNODC (database), https://dataunodc.un.org/; e Gallup, Gallup World Poll, https://www.gallup.com/analytics/; f Transparency International, Corruption Perceptions Index (database), https://www.transparency.org/en; g Ministerio de Justicia y Seguridad Pública de El Salvador; h ONEC (2021) Estimaciones y proyecciones de población de ambos sexos, por año calendario y edad simple (Revisión 2021), Oficina Nacional de Estadística y Censos, Banco Central de Reserva https://www.bcr.gob.sv/; j ECLAC (2022) Observatorio demográfico América Latina y el Caribe 2022. Tendencias de la población de América Latina y el Caribe, United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, https://repositorio.cepal.org/bitstream/handle/11362/48488/1/S2200706_es.pdf. k DIGESTYC (2022) Encuesta de Hogares de Propósitos Múltiples (EHPM) 2021, Dirección General de Estadística y Censos, https://www.bcr.gob.sv/documental/Inicio/descarga/PUBLICACION_EHPM_2021.pdf; l Ministerio de Hacienda for data relative to expenditure, and Banco Central de Reserva for GDP in USD million; m Asamblea Legislativa, El Salvador; n Banco Central de Reserva, Base de datos económica y financiera, https://estadisticas.bcr.gob.sv/base-economica-y-financiera; o Superintendencia General de Electricidad y Telecomunicaciones (SIGET).