OECD Economic Surveys: Malaysia 2021
Basic statistics of Malaysia, 2019
Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average1
|
LAND, PEOPLE AND ELECTORAL CYCLE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Population (million) |
31.9 |
Population density per km² (2018) |
96.0 |
(38.1) |
|
|
Under 15 (%) |
23.7 |
(17.9) |
Life expectancy at birth (years) |
76.2 |
(80.2) |
|
Over 65 (%) |
6.9 |
(17.1) |
Men |
74.2 |
(77.6) |
|
International migrant stock (% of population) |
10.7 |
(13.2) |
Women |
78.3 |
(82.9) |
|
Latest 5-year average growth (%) |
1.4 |
(0.6) |
Latest general election |
May-2018 |
|
|
ECONOMY |
|||||
|
Gross domestic product (GDP) |
Value added shares (%) |
||||
|
In current prices (billion USD) |
365.3 |
Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
7.3 |
(2.7) |
|
|
In current prices (billion MYR) |
1 513.2 |
Industry including construction |
37.8 |
(26.6) |
|
|
Latest 5-year average real growth (%) |
4.9 |
(2.2) |
Services |
54.8 |
(70.8) |
|
Per capita (000 USD PPP) |
29.6 |
(47.6) |
|||
|
GENERAL GOVERNMENT Per cent of GDP |
|||||
|
Expenditure |
23.5 |
(40.6) |
Gross financial debt (OECD: 2018) |
57.2 |
(107.6) |
|
Revenue |
21.3 |
(37.5) |
|||
|
EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS |
|||||
|
Exchange rate (MYR per USD) |
4.14 |
Main exports (% of total merchandise exports) |
|||
|
PPP exchange rate (USA = 1) |
1.60 |
Machinery and transport equipment |
45.2 |
||
|
In per cent of GDP |
Mineral fuels, lubricants and related materials |
14.4 |
|||
|
Exports of goods and services |
65.2 |
(53.6) |
Miscellaneous manufactured articles |
10.6 |
|
|
Imports of goods and services |
57.8 |
(50.0) |
Main imports (% of total merchandise imports) |
||
|
Current account balance |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
Machinery and transport equipment |
42.2 |
|
|
Net international investment position (2016) |
5.5 |
Mineral fuels, lubricants and related materials |
14.4 |
||
|
Manufactured goods |
11.6 |
||||
|
LABOUR MARKET, SKILLS AND INNOVATION |
|||||
|
Employment rate (aged 15 and over, %) |
66.4 |
(57.5) |
Unemployment rate, Labour Force Survey (aged 15 and over, %) |
3.3 |
(5.4) |
|
Men |
78.3 |
(65.6) |
Youth (aged 15-24, %) |
10.5 |
(11.8) |
|
Women |
53.7 |
(49.9) |
Long-term unemployed (1 year and over, %) |
0.2 |
(1.4) |
|
Participation rate (aged 15 and over, %) |
68.7 |
(60.9) |
Tertiary educational attainment (aged 25-64, %, 2016, OECD: 2019)2 |
18.8 |
(38.0) |
|
Mean weekly hours worked |
45.1 |
(37.5) |
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP, 2016, OECD: 2018) |
1.4 |
(2.6) |
|
ENVIRONMENT |
|||||
|
Total primary energy supply per capita (toe, 2018, OECD: 2019) |
3.0 |
(3.9) |
CO2 emissions from fuel combustion per capita (tonnes, 2018, OECD: 2019) |
7.2 |
( 8.3) |
|
Renewables (%, 2018, OECD: 2019) |
3.4 |
(10.8) |
Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (1 000 m³, 2017) |
18.6 |
|
|
Exposure to air pollution (more than 10 μg/m³ of PM 2.5, % of population) |
97.2 |
(61.7) |
|||
|
SOCIETY |
|||||
|
Income inequality (Gini coefficient, 2016, OECD: latest available) |
0.402 |
(0.318) |
Education outcomes (PISA score, 2018) |
||
|
Poverty gap at $USD5.50 a day (2011 PPP, %, 2015) |
0.6 |
Reading |
415 |
(487) |
|
|
Public and private spending (% of GDP) |
Mathematics |
440 |
(489) |
||
|
Health care (2018) |
3.8 |
(12.5) |
Science |
438 |
(489) |
|
Education (% of GNI) |
4.0 |
(4.4) |
Share of women in parliament (%) |
14.4 |
(30.7) |
Note: The year is indicated in parenthesis if it deviates from the year in the main title of this table.
1. Where the OECD aggregate is not provided in the source database, a simple OECD average of latest available data is calculated where data exist for at least 80% of member countries.
2. For Malaysia, data refers to aged 25 and over.
Source: Calculations based on data extracted from databases of the following organisations: OECD, IEA, ILO, IMF, United Nations, World Bank.