OECD Economic Surveys: Latvia 2024
Basic Statistics of Latvia, 2023
Copy link to Basic Statistics of Latvia, 2023(Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average)*
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LAND, PEOPLE AND ELECTORAL CYCLE |
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|
Population (million,2022) |
1.9 |
Population density per km² (2022) |
30.3 |
(39.0) |
|
|
Under 15 (%, 2022) |
15.6 |
(17.2) |
Life expectancy at birth (years, 2021) |
73.3 |
(78.7) |
|
Over 65 (%, 2022) |
21.9 |
(18.0) |
Men (2021) |
68.6 |
(75.9) |
|
International migrant stock (% of population, 2019) |
12.4 |
(13.2) |
Women (2021) |
78.2 |
(81.7) |
|
Latest 5-year average growth (%) |
-0.6 |
(0.4) |
Latest general election |
October-2022 |
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ECONOMY |
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Gross domestic product (GDP) |
Value added shares (%, 2022) |
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In current prices (billion USD) |
43.6 |
Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
5.8 |
(2.8) |
|
|
In current prices (billion EUR) |
40.3 |
Industry including construction |
23.7 |
(28.3) |
|
|
Latest 5-year average real growth (%) |
1.2 |
(1.6) |
Services |
70.5 |
(68.8) |
|
Per capita (thousand USD PPP, 2022) |
41.0 |
(60.2) |
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GENERAL GOVERNMENT Per cent of GDP |
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|
Expenditure (2022) |
40.9 |
(42.9) |
Gross financial debt (2022) |
50.5 |
(113.4) |
|
Revenue (2022) |
36.3 |
(39.6) |
Net financial debt (2022) |
16.6 |
(67.6) |
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EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS |
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|
Exchange rate (EUR per USD) |
0.92 |
Main exports (% of total merchandise exports, 2021) |
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PPP exchange rate (USA = 1) |
0.50 |
Machinery and transport equipment |
20.5 |
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In per cent of GDP |
Manufactured goods |
19.1 |
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|
Exports of goods and services |
64.1 |
(31.3) |
Crude materials, inedible, except fuels |
16.2 |
|
|
Imports of goods and services |
68.0 |
(31.6) |
Main imports (% of total merchandise imports, 2021) |
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|
Current account balance (OECD: 2022) |
-4.0 |
(-1.0) |
Machinery and transport equipment |
29.5 |
|
|
Net international investment position (2022) |
-27.2 |
Manufactured goods |
14.7 |
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|
Chemicals and related products, n.e.s. |
12.9 |
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LABOUR MARKET, SKILLS AND INNOVATION |
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|
Employment rate (aged 15 and over, %, 2022) |
57.0 |
(57.5) |
Unemployment rate, Labour Force Survey (aged 15 and over, %, 2022) |
6.8 |
(5.0) |
|
Men (2022) |
62.4 |
(65.4) |
Youth (aged 15-24, %, 2022) |
15.2 |
(10.9) |
|
Women (2022) |
52.6 |
(50.1) |
Long-term unemployed (1 year and over, %, 2022) |
2.0 |
(1.2) |
|
Participation rate (aged 15 and over, %, 2022) |
61.1 |
(60.9) |
Tertiary educational attainment (aged 25-64, %, 2022) |
39.5 |
(40.7) |
|
Average hours worked per year (2022) |
1,553 |
(1,752) |
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP, 2020) |
0.7 |
(2.9) |
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ENVIRONMENT |
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Total primary energy supply per capita (toe, 2022) |
2.3 |
(3.8) |
CO₂ emissions from fuel combustion per capita (tonnes, 2022) |
3.1 |
(7.8) |
|
Renewables (%, 2022) |
45.5 |
(12.0) |
Water abstractions per capita (1 000 m³, 2021) |
0.1 |
|
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Exposure to air pollution (more than 10 μg/m³ of PM 2.5, % of population, 2019) |
69.5 |
(61.7) |
Municipal waste per capita (tonnes, 2021, OECD: 2020) |
0.5 |
(0.5) |
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SOCIETY |
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|
Income inequality (Gini coefficient, 2021, OECD: latest available) |
0.343 |
(0.316) |
Education outcomes (PISA score) |
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Relative poverty rate (%, 2021, OECD: 2020) |
16.0 |
(11.8) |
Reading |
475 |
(476) |
|
Median disposable household income (thousand USD PPP, 2021, OECD: 2020) |
19.9 |
(26.6) |
Mathematics |
483 |
(472) |
|
Public and private spending (% of GDP) |
Science |
494 |
(485) |
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Health care (2022) |
8.8 |
(9.2) |
Share of women in parliament (%, 2022) |
30.0 |
(32.5) |
|
Pensions (2019) |
7.2 |
(9.5) |
Net official development assistance (% of GNI, 2017) |
0.1 |
(0.4) |
|
Education (% of GNI, 2021) |
3.8 |
(4.4) |
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Notes: The year is indicated in parenthesis if it deviates from the year in the main title of this table.
* Where the OECD aggregate is not provided in the source database, a simple OECD average of latest available data is calculated where data exist for at least 80% of member countries.
Source: Calculations based on data extracted from databases of the following organisations: OECD, International Energy Agency, International Labour Organisation, International Monetary Fund, United Nations, World Bank.