OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Ireland 2021
Basic statistics of Ireland
2019 or latest available year (Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average)1
|
PEOPLE AND SOCIETY |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Population (million) |
5 |
Population density per km2 |
69 |
(36) |
|
|
Share of population by type of region |
|
|
Population annual growth rate, latest 5 years |
1.1 |
(0.6) |
|
Predominantly urban (%) |
28 |
(48) |
Income inequality (Gini coefficient) |
0.30 |
(0.32) |
|
Intermediate (%) |
15 |
(28) |
Poverty rate (% of pop. with less than 50% med. income) |
9 |
(11) |
|
Rural (%) |
57 |
(24) |
Life expectancy |
82 |
(81) |
|
ECONOMY AND EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS |
|||||
|
Total GDP (National currency, billion) |
356 |
|
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) |
113 |
(27) |
|
Total GDP (USD billion, current PPPs) |
447 |
|
Main exports (% of total merchandise exports) |
|
|
|
GDP annual real growth rate, latest 5 years |
9.8 |
(2.2) |
Medicinal and pharmaceutical products |
32 |
|
|
GDP per capita (1 000 USD current PPPs) |
91 |
(47) |
Organic chemicals |
20 |
|
|
Value added shares (%) |
|
|
Electrical machinery, appliances, n.e.s. |
6 |
|
|
Agriculture |
1 |
(2) |
Main imports (% of total merchandise imports) |
|
|
|
Industry including construction |
39 |
(25) |
Other transport equipment |
23 |
|
|
Services |
60 |
(74) |
Medicinal and pharmaceutical products |
8 |
|
|
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) |
126 |
(27) |
Office and automatic data processing machines |
6 |
|
|
GENERAL GOVERNMENT Percent of GDP |
|||||
|
Expenditure |
25 |
(40) |
Education expenditure |
3.2 |
(5.0) |
|
Revenue |
26 |
(37) |
Health expenditure |
5.0 |
(7.7) |
|
Gross financial debt |
69 |
(108) |
Environment protection expenditure |
0.4 |
(0.5) |
|
Fiscal balance |
0.6 |
-(2.9) |
Environmental taxes (% of GDP) |
1.4 |
(1.6) |
|
(% of total tax revenue) |
5.7 |
(5.3) |
|||
|
LABOUR MARKET, SKILLS AND INNOVATION |
|||||
|
Unemployment rate (% of civilian labour force) |
5.0 |
(5.4) |
Patent in environment-related technologies (% of all technologies, average of latest 3 years)2 |
6 |
(10) |
|
Tertiary educational attainment of 25-64 year-olds (%) |
47 |
(38) |
Environmental management |
2 |
(4) |
|
Gross expenditure on R&D (% of GDP) |
1.0 |
(2.4) |
Water-related adaptation technologies |
0.2 |
(0.5) |
|
Climate mitigation technologies |
5 |
(8) |
|||
|
ENVIRONMENT |
|||||
|
Energy intensity TPES per capita (toe/cap.) |
2.7 |
(4.1) |
Road vehicle stock (vehicles/100 inhabitants) |
57 |
66 |
|
TPES per GDP (toe/1 000 USD 2015 PPPs) |
0.03 |
(0.09) |
Water stress (abstraction as % of avail. resources) |
3 |
(9) |
|
Renewables (% of TPES) |
11.1 |
(10.8) |
Water abstraction per capita (m3/cap./year) |
338 |
(710) |
|
Carbon intensity (energy-related CO2) |
|
|
Municipal waste per capita (kg/capita) |
590 |
(525) |
|
Emissions per capita (t/cap.) |
7.3 |
(8.9) |
Material productivity (USD, 2010 PPPs/DMC, kg) |
3.5 |
(2.9) |
|
Emissions per GDP (t/1 000 USD 2015 PPPs) |
0.08 |
(0.20) |
Land area (1 000 km2) |
69 |
|
|
GHG intensity3 |
|
|
% of arable land and permanent crops |
6.5 |
(12) |
|
Emissions per capita (t CO2 eq/cap.) |
12.6 |
(12.0) |
% of permanent meadows/pastures |
58 |
(22) |
|
Emissions per GDP (t CO2 eq/1 000 USD 2015 PPPs) |
0.18 |
(0.30) |
% of forest area |
11 |
(31) |
|
Mean population exposure to air pollution (PM2.5), μg/m3 |
7.8 |
(13.9) |
% of other land (built-up/other land) |
24 |
(34) |
Note: 1. Values earlier than 2014 are not taken into consideration. Where the OECD aggregate is not provided in the source database, a simple OECD average of latest available data is calculated where data exist for a significant number of countries. 2. Patent applications for higher-value inventions that have sought protection in at least two jurisdictions. 3. Excluding emissions/removals from land use, land-use change and forestry. Emissions expressed in CO2 equivalent.
Source: Calculations based on data extracted from the databases of the following organisations: OECD, Eurostat, International Energy Agency and the World Bank.