The OECD Inventory on Export Restrictions on Industrial Raw Materials reveals a concerning trend in which export restrictions are becoming at once increasingly prevalent and more prohibitive. Given the high degree of interdependency in the global economy and many countries’ reliance on international trade for access to critical raw materials, the imposition of export restriction on raw materials risks negative spillover effects cascading down global supply chains. It is therefore important to better understand the motivations of countries using export restrictions, as well as the impact on trading partners and global markets. The OECD Inventory is a unique, freely accessible, source of qualitative and quantitative data which can serve as a foundation for these efforts.