OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Outlook 2019

Acronyms and abbreviations

Acronyms

5G	Fifth generation of mobile networks
AD	Alternative dispute mechanisms
AI	Artificial intelligence
B2B	Business-to-business
B2C	Business-to-consumer
BERD	Business enterprise expenditure on R&D
BI	Behavioural insights
CC	Cloud computing
CIT	Corporate income tax
CVET	Continuing vocational education and training
DoS	Denial of service
EC	European Commission
ERP	Enterprise resource planning
EU	European Union
FDI	Foreign direct investment
FTE	Full-time equivalent
GDP	Gross domestic product
GFCF	Gross fixed capital formation
GVC	Global value chain
HEI	Higher education institution
H2020	Horizon 2020
ICO	Initial coin offering
ICT	Information and communication technology
IoT	Internet of things
IP	Intellectual property
IPR	Intellectual property right
ISCED	International Standard Classification of Education
ISCO	International Standard Classification of Occupation
ISIC	International Standard Industrial Classification
ISO	International Standard for Country Codes
IT	Information technology
KBC	Knowledge-based capital
M&A	Mergers and acquisitions
MNE	Multinational enterprise
NGO	Non-governmental organisation
NSO	National Statistics Office
OGD	Open Government Data
OI	Open innovation
P2P	Peer-to-peer
PIAAC	OECD Programme on International Assessment of Adult Competences
PISA	OECD Programme on International Student Assessment
PPP	Purchasing power parity
PPP	Public-private partnership
R&D	Research and Development
RIA	Regulatory Impact Assessment
RFID	Radio frequency identification
SAFE	Survey on the access to finance of enterprises
SCM	Supply chain management
SDG	Sustainable Development Goal
SME	Small and medium-sized enterprise
SME&E	Small and medium-sized enterprises and entrepreneurship
SNG	Subnational government
STEM	Science, technology, engineering and mathematics
STI	Science, technology and innovation
USD	United States dollar
VAT	Value added tax
VC	Venture capital
VET	Vocational education and training

Abbreviations

Table 1. Country abbreviations and national currency (ISO codes)

ARG	Argentina	Argentine peso	ARS
AUS	Australia	Australian dollar	AUD
AUT	Austria	Euro	EUR
BEL	Belgium	Euro	EUR
BRA	Brazil	Brazilian real	BRL
CAN	Canada	Canadian dollar	CAD
CHE	Switzerland	Franc	CHF
CHL	Chile	Chilean peso	CLP
CHN	People’s Republic of China	Yuan renminbi	CNY
CIR	Costa Rica	Colón	CRC
COL	Colombia	Colombian peso	COP
CZE	Czech Republic	Koruna	CZK
DEU	Germany	Euro	EUR
DNK	Denmark	Krone	DKK
ESP	Spain	Euro	EUR
EST	Estonia	Estonian kroon	EEK
EU	European Union	Euro	EUR
FIN	Finland	Euro	EUR
FRA	France	Euro	EUR
GBR	United Kingdom	British pound	GBP
GRC	Greece	Euro	EUR
HUN	Hungary	Forint	HUF
IDN	Indonesia	Rupiah	IDR
IRL	Ireland	Euro	EUR
ISL	Iceland	Króna	ISK
ISR	Israel	New Israeli sheqel	ILS
ITA	Italy	Euro	EUR
JPN	Japan	Yen	JPY
KOR	Korea	Won	KRW
LTU	Lithuania	Lithuanian litas	LTL
LUX	Luxembourg	Euro	EUR
LVA	Latvia	Latvian lat	LVL
MEX	Mexico	Mexican peso	MXN
NLD	Netherlands	Euro	EUR
NOR	Norway	Krone	NOK
NZL	New Zealand	New Zealand dollar	NZD
POL	Poland	Zloty	PLN
PRT	Portugal	Euro	EUR
ROU	Romania	Romanian leu	RON
RUS	Russian Federation	New Russian ruble	RUB
SVK	Slovak Republic	Koruna	SKK
SVN	Slovenia	Euro	EUR
SWE	Sweden	Krona	SEK
TUR	Turkey	Turkish lira	TRY
USA	United States	United States dollar	USD
ZAF	South Africa	South African rand	ZAR

Country groupings

BRIICS	Brazil, Russian Federation, India, Indonesia, People’s Republic of China, South Africa.
EU28	European Union (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom).
OECD	Total OECD 36 (Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States).

Country notes

Cyprus

Note by Turkey:

The information in this document with reference to “Cyprus” relates to the southern part of the Island. There is no single authority representing both Turkish and Greek Cypriot people on the Island. Turkey recognises the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). Until a lasting and equitable solution is found within the context of the United Nations, Turkey shall preserve its position concerning the “Cyprus issue”.

Note by all European Member States of the OECD and the European Union:

The Republic of Cyprus is recognised by all members of the United Nations with the exception of Turkey. The information in this document relates to the area under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus.

Israel

The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law.