Effective policies to reduce inequalities must be based on detailed evidence regarding the drivers of vulnerability and income insecurity. Focusing on two vulnerable categories – informal economy workers and women and girls – this report presents the latest OECD data on inequality, exclusion and discrimination within a wide range of countries around the world, and analyses their root causes. It also provides fresh evidence on the contribution of international development co-operation providers to the fight against poverty and inequality. On that basis, it proposes policy actions to G20 governments and their partners at domestic and international levels to better address inequalities.