This report is the sixth edition in the series of Missing Entrepreneurs reports produced through an ongoing collaboration on inclusive entrepreneurship policies between the Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities (CFE) of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) led by Lamia Kamal-Chaoui, Director, and the Directorate General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion (DG EMPL) of the European Commission, led by Joost Korte, Director-General.
This report is part of the programme of work of the OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Programme within the CFE, led by Karen Maguire, Head of the Local Employment, Skills and Social Innovation Division. It also contributes to the work of the Committee on SMEs and Entrepreneurship, led by Céline Kauffmann, Head of the Entrepreneurship, SME and Tourism Division.
The report was prepared by David Halabisky, Project Co-ordinator, Inclusive and Sustainable Entrepreneurship, and Helen Shymanski, Junior Policy Analyst, under the direction of Jonathan Potter, Head of the OECD CFE Entrepreneurship Policy and Analysis Unit. Contributions were also made by Prof. Robert Blackburn, University of Liverpool (Chapter 1), Prof. Marcella Corsi, Sapienza University of Rome (Chapter 7), Dr. Fabrizio Botti, Guglielmo Marconi University (Chapter 7), Dr. Giulia Zacchia, Sapienza University of Rome (Chapter 7), Prof. Thomas Cooney, Dublin Institute of Technology (Chapter 8) and Osa Godwin Osaghae (Chapter 8). Mattia Corbetta, Policy Analyst of the OECD CFE also contributed inputs and suggestions in Chapter 8.
The report benefited from inputs and comments from the European Commission under the direction of Ruth Paserman, Director for “Funds, Programming and Implementation” of DG EMPL. Key contributions were made by Julien De Beys, Policy officer – Inclusive and social entrepreneurship, and Guy Lejeune, Senior Expert - Inclusive and social entrepreneurship. Additional inputs and comments were received from Bernardo Urrutia Garro, Policy officer; Laurent Aujean, Policy officer; Dimitrios Niafas, Policy officer; and Cristina Viezzer, Programme Assistant - EaSI Financial instruments and social finance, all of DG EMPL; and Clemence Ghighi, Policy officer of the Directorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs.
In addition, the authors are grateful for comments and suggestions from Nadim Ahmad, Deputy Director of the OECD CFE; Karen Maguire; Céline Kauffmann; and Andrew Paterson, Senior advisor, OECD CFE. Comments and suggestions were also received from Jean-Christophe Dumont, Head of the International Migration Division of the OECD Directorate of Employment, Labour and Social Affairs (ELS); Jonathan Chaloff, Senior Policy Analyst, ELS; Thomas Liebig, Principal Administrator, ELS; and Yves Breem, Policy analyst, ELS.
Important data contributions were received from Prof. Jonathan Levie of the Global Entrepreneurship Research Association.
The country profiles in Part III of this report were based on a set of Country Assessment Notes that were prepared for each EU Member State by a network of national inclusive entrepreneurship policy experts under the direction of David Halabisky, Cynthia Lavison and Jonathan Potter of the OECD CFE:
Austria: Eva Heckl and Karin Petzlberger, Austrian Institute for SME Research;
Belgium: Dr. Wouter Broekaert and prof. Dr. Johan Lambrecht, both of the Center for Sustainable Entrepreneurship (CenSE) and KU Leuven;
Bulgaria: Prof. Zhelyu Vladimirov, Sofia University;
Croatia: Prof. Slavica Singer, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University in Osijek;
Cyprus: Prof. Angelika I. Kokkinaki, University of Nicosia; Dr. Paraskevi (Evi) Dekoulou, University of Nicosia; Dr. Chrysostomi Maria Kyrillou, University of Nicosia; and Mr. Kyriakos Riskos, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki;
Czech Republic: Lucie Bučinová, Regio-Partner;
Denmark: Annemarie Jepsen;
Estonia: Marina Kaas, Serioso Ltd.;
Finland: Prof. Jarna Heinonen, Turku School of Economics;
France: Prof. Nadine Levratto, University Paris Nanterre;
Germany: Prof. Dr. Rolf Sternberg, Leibniz University Hannover;
Greece: Dr. Dimitris Karantinos, EKKE - National Centre of Social Research;
Hungary: Dr. Petra Reszkető, Budapest Institute;
Ireland: Prof. Thomas Cooney, Dublin Institute of Technology;
Italy: Prof. Sergio Destefanis, University of Salerno;
Latvia: Prof. Arnis Sauka, Stockholm School of Economics in Riga;
Lithuania: Dr. Boguslavas Gruzevskis, Labor Market Research Institute;
Luxembourg: Prof. Denise Fletcher, University of Luxembourg;
Malta: Prof. Leonie Baldacchino and Ms. Kristina Buhagiar, University of Malta;
Netherlands: Dr. Jacqueline Snijders and Amber van der Graaf, both of Panteia;
Poland: Prof. Krzysztof Wach, Cracow University of Economics;
Portugal: Prof. Carla Susana da Encarnação Marques, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro;
Romania: Dr. Catalin Ghinararu, National Scientific Research Institute;
Slovak Republic: Prof. Anna Pilkova, Comenius University in Bratislava; Marian Letovanec, Slovak Business Agency; Prof. Marian Holienka, Comenius University in Bratislava; and Prof. Juraj Mikuš, Comenius University in Bratislava;
Slovenia: Prof. Katja Crnogaj, University of Maribor;
Spain: Prof. Francisco Liñán, University of Seville; and
Sweden: Prof. Carin Holmquist, Stockholm School of Economics.
These Country Assessment Notes benefited from feedback and inputs from relevant national ministries and key stakeholders in each Member State.
Finally, this report would not have been possible without administrative support from Sorrel Stewart and Heather Mortimer Charoy, publication support from Pilar Philip and François Iglesias, and communications support from Shayne Maclachlan and Lukasz Lech, all of the OECD CFE.