This publication is the work of the OECD Directorate for Public Governance (GOV), under the leadership of Elsa Pilichowski, Director. It was prepared by the Open and Innovative Government Division, under the overall direction of Carlos Santiso and overseen by Alessandro Bellantoni, Head of the Open Government and Civic Space Unit. Claire Mc Evoy conceptualised the report and led the research and drafting process and team. Deniz Devrim was responsible for data collection, validation and analysis, with support provided by Sofia Andersson, Alice Thomas and Marie Whelan. Sofia Andersson and Emma Cantera produced the graphs. Lead authors of the chapters were: Claire Mc Evoy (Chapter 1); Deniz Devrim (Chapters 2, 4 and 5) with legal support from Alice Thomas and drafting support from Sofia Andersson and Marie Whelan; and Emma Cantera, Carla Musi and Marie Whelan (Chapter 3). We are also grateful to Helen Darbishire of Access Info Europe for her inputs in the initial data collection and drafting phases of Chapter 3. Specialist contributions were gratefully received from Laura Abadia, Nelson Amaya, Julio Bacio Terracino, Karine Badr, Pauline Bertrand, Cibele Cesca, Gallia Daor, Irene De Noriega, Nawel Djaffar, Pietro Gagliardi, David Goessmann, Pinar Guven, Raquel Hazeu González, Capucine Hamon, Chloé Lelievre, Molly Lesher, Craig Matasick, Carissa Munro, Ewelina Oblacewicz, Amélia Oliveira Martins, Anna Piccinni, Audrey Plonk, Jacob Arturo Rivera Perez, Tatyana Teplova and Jacqueline Wood. Benedict Stefani provided technical support throughout the process.
External contributions were received from the European Center for Not-for-Profit Law, the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, the International Center for Not-for-Profit Law, the Mo Ibrahim Foundation and Reporters Without Borders. The draft report benefitted from comments from members of the OECD Public Governance Committee (PGC) and Working Party on Open Government.
Charles Baubion, Janos Bertok, Conor Das-Doyle and Gillian Dorner reviewed the publication. Colleagues from the OECD Directorate for Public Governance, Development Co‑operation Directorate, Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation and the OECD Centre on Philanthropy provided comments and content. The report benefitted from editorial assistance from Peter Grant, Andrea Uhrhammer, Julie Harris and Eleonore Morena and was prepared for publication by Meral Gedik.
The authors are thankful to the Observatory of Civic Space Advisory Board members for their ongoing guidance and advice throughout the process. The report was supported by grants from the Ford Foundation, Open Society Foundations and the Robert Bosch Stiftung.