Trade in Counterfeit Pharmaceutical Products

Annex B. Additional Tables

Table B.1. Description of the HS 30 product category, pharmaceutical products

3001 Glands and other organs (extracts, secretions thereof) for organo-therapeutic uses, dried, powdered or not; heparin and its salts; other human or animal substances for therapeutic or prophylactic uses n.e.c.	300120 Glands and other organs; extracts of glands or other organs or of their secretions, for organo-therapeutic uses
	300190 Glands and other organs; heparin and its salts; other human or animal substances prepared for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, n.e.c. in heading 3001
3002 Human blood; animal blood for therapeutic, prophylactic or diagnostic uses; antisera, other blood fractions, immunological products, modified or obtained by biotechnological processes; vaccines, toxins, cultures of micro-organisms (excluding yeasts) etc	300211 Blood, human or animal, antisera, other blood fractions and immunological products; malaria diagnostic test kits
	300212 Blood, human or animal, antisera, other blood fractions and immunological products; antisera and other blood fractions
	300213 Blood, human or animal, antisera, other blood fractions and immunological products; immunological products, unmixed, not put up in measured doses or in forms or packings for retail sale
	300214 Blood, human or animal, antisera, other blood fractions and immunological products; immunological products, mixed, put up in measured doses or in forms or packings for retail sale
	300215 Blood, human or animal, antisera, other blood fractions and immunological products; immunological products, put up in measured doses or in forms or packings for retail sale
	300219 Blood, human or animal, antisera, other blood fractions and immunological products; n.e.c. in heading 3002.1
	300220 Vaccines; for human medicine
	300230 Vaccines; for veterinary medicine
	300290 Toxins, cultures of micro-organisms (excluding yeasts) and similar products
3003 Medicaments; (not goods of heading no. 3002, 3005 or 3006) of two or more constituents mixed together for therapeutic or prophylactic use not in measured doses or in forms or packings for retail sale	300310 Medicaments; containing penicillins, streptomycins or their derivatives, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, (not in measured doses, not packaged for retail sale)
	300320 Medicaments; containing antibiotics other than penicillins, streptomycins and their derivatives, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, (not in measured doses, not packaged for retail sale)
	300331 Medicaments; containing insulin, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, not packaged for retail sale
	300339 Medicaments; containing hormones (excluding insulin), (but not containing antibiotics), for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, not packaged for retail sale
	300341 Medicaments; containing alkaloids or their derivatives, containing ephedrine or its salts, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, (not packaged for retail sale)

Table B.1. Description of the HS 30 product category, pharmaceutical products

 

3003 Medicaments; (not goods of heading no. 3002, 3005 or 3006) of two or more constituents mixed together for therapeutic or prophylactic use not in measured doses or in forms or packings for retail sale	300342 Medicaments; containing alkaloids or their derivatives, containing pseudoephedrine (INN) or its salts, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, (not packaged for retail sale)
	300343 Medicaments; containing alkaloids or their derivatives, containing norephedrine or its salts, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, (not packaged for retail sale)
	300349 Medicaments; containing alkaloids or their derivatives; other than ephedrine, pseudoephedrine (INN) or norephedrine or their salts; for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, (not packaged for retail sale)
	300360 Medicaments; containing antimalarial active principles described in subheading note 2 to this chapter, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, (not packaged for retail sale)
	300390 Medicaments; (not containing antibiotics, hormones, alkaloids or their derivatives), for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, (not packaged for retail sale)
3004 Medicaments; (not goods of heading no. 3002, 3005 or 3006) consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or prophylactic use, put up in measured doses (incl. those in the form of transdermal admin. systems) or packed for retail sale	300410 Medicaments; containing penicillins, streptomycins or their derivatives, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale
	300420 Medicaments; containing antibiotics (other than penicillins, streptomycins or their derivatives), for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale
	300431 Medicaments; containing insulin, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale
	300432 Medicaments; containing corticosteroid hormones, their derivatives or structural analogues (but not containing antibiotics), for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale
	300439 Medicaments; containing hormones (but not insulin), adrenal cortex hormones or antibiotics, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale
	300441 Medicaments; containing alkaloids or their derivatives, containing ephedrine or its salts, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale
	300442 Medicaments; containing alkaloids or their derivatives, containing pseudoephedrine (INN) or its salts, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale
	300443 Medicaments; containing alkaloids or their derivatives, containing norephedrine or its salts, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale
	300449 Medicaments; containing alkaloids or their derivatives; other than ephedrine, pseudoephedrine (INN) or norephedrine or their salts; for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale
	300450 Medicaments; containing vitamins or their derivatives, for therapeutic or prophylactic use, packaged for retail sale
	300460 Medicaments; containing antimalarial active principles described in Subheading Note 2 to this Chapter, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale
	300490 Medicaments; consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, packaged for retail sale

Table B.1 Description of the HS 30 product category, pharmaceutical products

 

3006 Pharmaceutical goods	300610 Pharmaceutical goods; sterile surgical catgut, suture materials, tissue adhesives, laminaria, laminaria tents, absorbable surgical or dental haemostatics, and surgical or dental adhesion barriers
	300620 Pharmaceutical goods; blood-grouping reagents
	300630 Pharmaceutical goods; opacifying preparations for x-ray examinations, diagnostic reagents designed to be administered to the patient
	300640 Pharmaceutical goods; dental cements and other dental fillings, bone reconstruction cements
	300650 Pharmaceutical goods; first aid boxes and kits
	300660 Pharmaceutical goods; chemical contraceptive preparations based on hormones, on other products of heading 2937 or on spermicides
	300670 Pharmaceutical goods; Gel preparations designed to be used in human or veterinary medicine as a lubricant for parts of the body for surgical operations or physical examinations or as a coupling agent between the body and medical instruments
	300691 Pharmaceutical goods; appliances identifiable for ostomy use
	300692 Pharmaceutical goods; waste pharmaceuticals

Source: WCO (2019)

Table B.2. RCAP indices for counterfeit pharmaceuticals, 2014-2016

Provenance economy	RCAP	Provenance economy	RCAP
Algeria	0.538	Japan	1.192
Armenia	0.324	Jordan	3.179
Australia	1.119	Kazakhstan	0.654
Austria	1.029	Kenya	0.495
Azerbaijan	0.015	Korea	0.466
Belarus	0.390	Kyrgyzstan	0.056
Belgium	2.862	Lithuania	0.372
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0.583	Malaysia	0.168
Brazil	0.825	Mexico	0.795
Canada	0.740	Moldova	0.648
Chile	1.157	Mongolia	0.712
China	1.103	Montenegro	0.684
Chinese Taipei*	0.268	Netherlands	0.668
Colombia	1.091	New Zealand	0.356
Costa Rica	0.636	Oman	0.050
Croatia	2.115	Panama	0.470
Cyprus*	3.455	Peru	0.505
Czech Republic	0.395	Philippines	0.603
Denmark	5.639	Poland	0.591
Ecuador	0.550	Portugal	0.582
Egypt	1.584	Qatar	0.011
Estonia	0.168	Romania	0.543
Finland	0.749	Saudi Arabia	0.227
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	1.205	Serbia	0.795
France	1.842	Singapore	2.524
Georgia	0.964	Slovak Republic	0.137
Germany	1.124	Slovenia	3.750
Greece	0.891	Spain	1.358
Hong Kong (China)	3.683	Sri Lanka	0.099
Hungary	1.434	Switzerland	10.338
India	1.641	Tanzania	0.267
Indonesia	0.361	Turkey	0.466
Iraq	0.025	Ukraine	0.757
Ireland	17.117	United Arab Emirates	0.444
Israel	3.155	United Kingdom	1.168
Italy	1.286	United States	1.551

Note: A high RCAP index indicates that the share of the pharmaceutical sector in the total output of the corresponding economy is higher than the average share of this economy in the global manufacturing output. Note by Turkey: The information in this document with reference to “Cyprus” relates to the southern part of the Island. There is no single authority representing both Turkish and Greek Cypriot people on the Island. Turkey recognises the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). Until a lasting and equitable solution is found within the context of the United Nations, Turkey shall preserve its position concerning the “Cyprus issue”.

Note by all the European Union Member States of the OECD and the European Union: The Republic of Cyprus is recognised by all members of the United Nations with the exception of Turkey. The information in this document relates to the area under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus.

Source: Authors’ own calculation based on data from UNIDO (2019).

Table B.3. RCAT indices for pharmaceuticals, 2016

Provenance economy	RCAT	Provenance economy	RCAT
Albania	0.039	Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia	0.588
Algeria	0.001	France	2.219
Andorra	0.019	French Polynesia	0.047
Antigua and Barbuda	0.153	Georgia	1.309
Argentina	0.445	Germany	1.903
Armenia	0.233	Greece	1.381
Aruba	0.317	Greenland	0.000
Australia	0.379	Guatemala	0.865
Austria	1.957	Guinea	0.002
Azerbaijan	0.020	Guyana	0.108
Bahamas	0.008	Honduras	0.070
Bahrain	0.002	Hong Kong (China)	1.235
Barbados	3.555	Hungary	1.586
Belarus	0.161	Iceland	0.579
Belgium	3.776	India	1.314
Belize	0.028	Indonesia	0.105
Benin	0.053	Iran	0.063
Bermuda	0.000	Ireland	7.904
Bolivia	0.009	Israel	3.222
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0.426	Italy	1.707
Botswana	0.036	Jamaica	0.091
Brazil	0.249	Japan	0.151
Brunei Darussalam	0.003	Jordan	2.808
Bulgaria	1.246	Kazakhstan	0.010
Burkina Faso	0.016	Kiribati	0.036
Burundi	0.002	Korea	0.092
Cabo Verde	0.010	Kuwait	0.009
Cambodia	0.014	Kyrgyzstan	0.032
Cameroon	0.008	Lao People's Democratic Republic	0.000
Canada	0.532	Latvia	1.057
Chile	0.098	Lebanon	0.413
China (People's Republic of)	0.101	Lesotho	0.010
Colombia	0.342	Lithuania	0.758
Costa Rica	0.736	Luxembourg	0.296
Côte d'Ivoire	0.015	Macau (China)	0.009
Croatia	1.354	Madagascar	0.001
Cyprus*	3.416	Malawi	0.021
Czech Republic	0.541	Malaysia	0.035
Denmark	3.931	Malta	2.378
Dominican Republic	0.994	Mauritius	0.440
Ecuador	0.062	Mexico	0.166
Egypt	0.470	Moldova	1.914
El Salvador	0.750	Mongolia	0.000
Estonia	0.176	Montenegro	0.600
Ethiopia	0.006	Montserrat	0.119
Fiji	0.226	Morocco	0.158
Finland	0.558	Mozambique	0.005

Table B.3. RCAT indices for pharmaceuticals, 2016 (continued)

 

Provenance economy	RCAT	Provenance economy	RCAT
Myanmar	0.000	Serbia	0.587
Namibia	0.006	Seychelles	0.040
Nepal	0.373	Sierra Leone	0.000
Netherlands	1.612	Singapore	0.623
New Caledonia	0.034	Slovak Republic	0.234
New Zealand	0.207	Slovenia	3.652
Nicaragua	0.036	Solomon Islands	0.000
Niger	0.006	South Africa	0.166
Nigeria	0.003	Spain	1.424
Norway	0.224	Sri Lanka	0.023
Oman	0.039	Suriname	0.012
Pakistan	0.287	Swaziland	0.004
Palau	0.012	Sweden	1.650
Palestinian Authority*	0.375	Switzerland	7.196
Panama	4.673	Tanzania	0.012
Paraguay	0.183	Thailand	0.068
Peru	0.048	Togo	0.118
Philippines	0.034	Tonga	0.011
Poland	0.599	Trinidad and Tobago	0.005
Portugal	0.612	Tunisia	0.103
Qatar	0.005	Turkey	0.183
Romania	0.582	Uganda	0.154
Russia	0.044	Ukraine	0.170
Rwanda	0.007	United Arab Emirates	0.086
Saint Kitts and Nevis	0.003	United Kingdom	2.349
Saint Lucia	0.115	United States	0.972
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	0.000	Uruguay	0.557
Samoa	0.003	Viet Nam	0.025
Sao Tome and Principe	0.001	Yemen	0.058
Saudi Arabia	0.044	Zambia	0.002
Senegal	0.179	Zimbabwe	0.027

Note: A high RCAT index indicates than the share of the corresponding economy in global reexports of pharmaceutical products is higher than the average share of this economy in global manufacturing reexports. CYPRNote by Turkey: The information in this document with reference to “Cyprus” relates to the southern part of the Island. There is no single authority representing both Turkish and Greek Cypriot people on the Island. Turkey recognises the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). Until a lasting and equitable solution is found within the context of the United Nations, Turkey shall preserve its position concerning the “Cyprus issue”.

Note by all the European Union Member States of the OECD and the European Union: The Republic of Cyprus is recognised by all members of the United Nations with the exception of Turkey. The information in this document relates to the area under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus.

Source: Authors’ own calculations based on UN Trade Statistics Division (2019).