Hacia la Resiliencia y Neutralidad Climática en América Latina y el Caribe

Annex B. NDCs and LTS en ALC

Tabla A B.1. Panorama general de las NDCs y las LTS en la región de ALC

			Fundamentales		Alcance y cobertura			Consideración de Eliminación de carbono
País	NDC	LTS	Objetivos relevantes	Condicionalidad	Cubre todos los sectores	Cobretura de gases	Cobertura de todas las categorías del IPCC (inventario de balances metodológicos)	¿Incluye tecnologías de captura y almacenamiento de cabrono?
	Fecha de envío
Antigua and Barbuda	Sep-21	No	Net zero by 2040	Conditional	Yes	GHG		No
			·86% renewable energy generation from local resources in the electricity sector by 2030			(CO2, CH4, N2O)
			·100% all new vehicle sales to be electric vehicles by 2030
Argentina	Nov-21	Yes 06/11/2022	Climate neutrality by 2050	Absolut unconditional target	Yes	GHG	Yes	No
			-349 MtCO2e by 2030			(CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs)
Bahamas	Nov-22	No	-30% GHGBAU by 2030	Conditional	Yes	GHG		No
						(CO2, CH4, N2O)
Barbados	Jul-21	No	Carbon neutrality by 2030		Yes			No
			-35%GHGBAU by 2030 (unconditional)	Unconditional
			-70% GHGBAU by 2030 (conditional)	Conditional
Belize	Sep-21	Yes 03/05/2023	Promise of net zero by 2050	Unconditional	Yes	GHG		No
			Sectoral targets			(CO2, CH4, N2O)
Bolivia	Apr-22	No	Sectoral targets non GHG targets	Conditional and unconditional	Yes	GHG + Black Carbon		No
						(CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6, NF3)
Brazil	Apr-22	No	Climate neutrality by 2050	Relative unconditional target	Yes	GHG	Yes	No
			-50% GHG2005 by 2030			(CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6)
Chile	Apr-20	Yes 03/11/2021	Climate neutrality by 2050	Absolut unconditional target	Yes	GHG + Black Carbon	Yes	No
			95 MtCO2e by 2030			(CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6, NF3)
Costa Rica	Dec-20	Yes 12/12/2019	Climate neutrality by 2050	Absolut unconditional target	Yes	GHG + BC +Criteria gases	Yes	No
			9.11 MtCO2e by 2030			(CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6), CO, NOx, NMVOC, SO2 and black carbon
Colombia	Dec-20	Yes 12/11/2021	Climate neutrality by 2050	Absolut unconditional target	Yes	GHG + Black Carbon	Yes	No
			169.44 MtCO2e by 2030			(CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6)
			-51% GHGBAU by 2030
			-40% BC2014 by 2030
Cuba	Dec-20	No	Sectoral targets non GHG targets	Conditional	No	(CO2, CH4, N2O)	No	No
Dominica	July – 2022	No	-45% GHG2014 by 2030	Conditional	Yes	(CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, NMVOC, SO2)	Yes	No
Dominican Republic	Dec-20	No	Carbon neutrality by 2050		Yes	GHG + Black Carbon	Yes	No
			-27% GHGBAU by 2030	Conditional		(CO2, CH4, N2O)
			-7% GHGBAU by 2030	Unconditional
			-6% BCBAU by 2030
Ecuador	Mar-19	No	-9% GHGBAU by 2025	Unconditional	Yes	GHG + BC +Criteria gases	Yes	No
			-21% GHGBAU by 2025	Conditional		(CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6), CO, NOx, NMVOC, SO2 and black carbon
El Salvador	Dec-21	No	AFOLU climate neutrality by 2050	n/d	Yes	GHG	Yes	No
						(CO2, CH4, N2O)
Grenada	Nov-20	No	CO2 neutrality only by 2050	Conditional	Yes	GHG	Yes	No
			-40 GHG2010 by 2030			(CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6)
Guatemala	May-22	No	-22.6% GHGBAU by 2030	Conditional	Yes	GHG	Yes	No
			-11.2% GHGIBAU by 2030	Unconditional		(CO2, CH4, N2O)
Guyana	May-16	No	Already CO2 neutral	Conditional	No	CO2		No
			Sectoral targets	Unconditional
Haiti	Jun-22	No	-31.8% GHGBAU by 2030	Conditional		GHG		No
			-6.32% GHGBAU by 2030	Unconditional		(CO2, CH4, N2O)
Honduras	May-21	No	-16% GHGBAU by 2030	Conditional		GHG		No
						(CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs)
Jamaica	Jul-22	No	Net zero by 2050	Conditional	No	GHG		No
			-28.5% GHGBAU by 2030
			-25.4% GHGBAU by 2030	Unconditional		(CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs)
Mexico	Nov-22	Yes 16/11/2016	-30% GHGBAU by 2030	Conditional	Yes	GHG + Black Carbon	Yes	No
			-40% GHGBAU by 2030	Unconditional		(CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6)
Nicaragua	Dec-20	No	Sectoral targets	Conditional		GHG		No
						(CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs)
Panama	Dec-20	No	Climate neutrality by 2050	n/d	Yes	GHG		No
			Sectoral targets			(CO2, CH4, N2O)
Paraguay	Jul-21	No	Carbon neutral by 2050	Conditional	Yes	GHG + Black Carbon		No
			-20% GHGBAU by 2030
			-10% GHGBAU by 2030	Unconditional		(CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6)
Peru	Dec-20	No	Climate neutrality by 2050		Yes	GHG	Yes	No
			GHG emissions of 179 MtCO2emax by 2030	Conditional		(CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6)
			GHG emissions of 208.8 MtCO2emax by 2030	Unconditional
Saint Kitts and Nevis	Oct-21	No	Net zero by 2050	Conditional	Yes	CO2		No
			-61% GHG2010 by 2030
Saint Lucía	Jan-21	No	-7% GHG2010 by 2030	Conditional	Energy	GHG + criteria pollutants		No
						(CO2, CH4, N2O)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Feb-16	No	-22% GHGBAU by 2025	Unconditional	Yes	GHG		No
						(CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs)
Surinam	Dec-19	No	Already CO2 neutral	Conditional	Yes	GHG		Yes
			Sectoral targets			(CO2, CH4, N2O)
Trinidad and Tobago	Feb-18	No	-15% GHGBAU by 2030	Conditional	Energy	GHG		No
						(CO2, CH4, N2O
Uruguay	Dec-22	Yes 12/12/2021	CO2 neutrality only by 2050	Conditional and unconditional		GHG		No
			Sectoral targets			(CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs)
Venezuela	Nov-21	No	-20% GHGBAU by 2030	Conditional	No	No		No

1. 11 MtCO₂e by 2030

2. 44 MtCO₂e by 2030

Nota: La neutralidad climática se refiere a cero emisiones netas de todos los GEI (o al menos de CO₂, CH₄ y N₂O); tanto "cero emisiones netas" como "neutralidad de carbono" se consideran términos ambiguos, ya que no está claro qué gases pretenden cubrir los países y, por lo tanto, su alcance de GEI debe considerarse poco claro. Brasil y México permiten niveles de emisiones superiores a los objetivos establecidos en sus NDC de 2016.

El cuadro no es exhaustivo. Pueden existir otras legislaciones o planes. Los autores examinaron los principales textos legislativos disponibles.

Fuente: (UNFCCC, 2023[1]); (UNFCCC, 2023[2]).

References

[2] UNFCCC (2023), Long-term strategies portal, https://unfccc.int/process/the-paris-agreement/long-term-strategies (accessed on  2023).

[1] UNFCCC (2023), NDC Registry, https://unfccc.int/NDCREG (accessed on  2023).