Migration to OECD countries is at high levels, driven by a variety of reasons. Labour shortages and ageing population have contributed to increase labour migration while family migration is the largest component of migration flows OECD wide. In Europe, however, free mobility within the EU is by far the largest category. Humanitarian migration is currently at high levels with several large parallel refugee situations. 

The OECD standardises international migration statistics, by category of entry, and monitors the evolution and composition of migrant populations.

Integration of immigrants and, increasingly, their native-born descendants, is crucial for reaping the benefits of migration, and for social cohesion. A starting point is to take stock of the characteristics and integration outcomes of immigrants and their children.  

Jointly produced with the European Union, the OECD hosts the largest database to date on the characteristics and outcomes of immigrants and their children. It also monitors integration policies across the OECD, along with examples of good practice. Specific topical work combines the two, for example for specific groups such as refugees, migrant women, youth with immigrant parents, and cross-cutting policy issues such as discrimination, geographical segregation, language training, and qualification transferability.

There is renewed interest in the contribution of labour migration to address growing labour shortages. In parallel, the global competition for talent is intensifying, with many different factors influencing the choice of destination.  

At the same time, with the high numbers of asylum seekers who have recently arrived in OECD countries, the issue of sustainable return and reintegration of those whose request for protection has been denied is an issue of high policy concern.  

The OECD assesses labour migration policy, supports member countries to get the most out of labour migration, and provides a ranking of attractiveness for key categories of talent from abroad. It also identifies successful practices for sustainable reintegration of returning migrants.  

Migration and immigrants impact economies and labour markets in a variety of ways. This impact is often concentrated in certain sectors, occupations, and geographic areas.

The impact of immigration on the labour market and public finances also brings the issue to the forefront of the political debate. It is therefore critical to have sound data and analysis to present the evidence.

Through in-depth comparative data work, the OECD analyses the impact of migration on the economy and labour market.