[13] EEA (2011), Revealing the Costs of Air Pollution from Industrial Facilities in Europe, EEA Technical Report, No.15/2011, p.23, European Environment Agency, Copenhagen, https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/cost-of-air-pollution.
[11] European Commission (2018), Summary of Directive 2010/75/EU on Industrial Emission, European Commission, Brussels, http://ec.europa.eu/environment/industry/stationary/ied/legislation.htm.
[9] European Commission (2012), Workshop on EU legislation, principles of EU Environmental Law, the Polluter Pays Principle, European Commission, Brussels, http://ec.europa.eu/environment/legal/law/pdf/principles/2%20Polluter%20Pays%20Principle_revised.pdf (accessed on 4 December 2018).
[17] European Commission (2008), Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe, European Commission, Brussels, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=celex:32008L0050.
[18] European Commission (2004), Directive 2004/107/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 2004 relating to arsenic, cadmium, mercury, nickel and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air, European Commission, Brussels, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex:32004L0107.
[20] Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China (2018), Air Quality Standards, https://www.transportpolicy.net/standard/china-air-quality-standards/.
[21] Ministry of Environment of Japan (2018), Environmental Quality Standards - Air Quality, Ministry of Environment of Japan, Tokyo, https://www.env.go.jp/en/air/aq/aq.html.
[14] Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment of the Netherlands (2004), “Environmental Management Act”, No. section 15.5, pages 126-127, http://www.asser.nl/upload/eel-webroot/www/documents/national/netherlands/EMA052004.pdf.
[26] Ministry of National Economy of Kazakhstan (2017), Strategic Plan for Development of Kazakhstan until 2025, Technological Modernisation for Accelerated Growth and Better Quality of Life.
[12] OECD (2019), Database on Policy Instruments for the Environment, https://pinedatabase.oecd.org/ (accessed on 13 February 2019).
[23] OECD (2018), OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Czech Republic 2018, OECD Publishing, Paris, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264300958-en.
[25] OECD (2018), Reforming Kazakhstan: Progress, Challenges and Opportunities, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://www.oecd.org/eurasia/countries/OECD-Eurasia-Reforming-Kazakhstan-EN.pdf.
[2] OECD (2017), Environmental Fiscal Reform: Progress, Prospects and Pitfalls, OECD Report for the G7 Environment Ministers, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://www.oecd.org/tax/tax-policy/environmental-fiscal-reform-G7-environment-ministerial-meeting-june-2017.pdf.
[3] OECD (2017), Multi-dimensional Review of Kazakhstan: Volume 2: In-depth Analysis and Recommendations, OECD Development Pathways, OECD Publishing, Paris, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264269200-en.
[5] OECD (2017), OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Kazakhstan 2017, OECD Publishing, Paris, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264269606-en.
[24] OECD (2017), OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Kazakhstan 2017, OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264270008-en.
[6] OECD (2014), Responsible Business Conduct in Kazakhstan, OECD Publishing, Paris, http://www.oecd.org/daf/inv/mne/RBC_in_Kazakhstan-2014.pdf.
[10] OECD (2013), “The Swedish tax on nitrogen oxide emissions: Lessons in environmental policy reform”, OECD Environment Policy Papers, No. 2, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/5k3tpspfqgzt-en.
[7] OECD (2012), Refocusing Economic and other Monetary Instruments for Greater Environmental Impact: How to Unblock Reform in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia, OECD Publishing, Paris, http://www.oecd.org/env/outreach/2012_EM_Refocusing%20Economic%20Instruments_ENG.pdf.
[1] OECD (2011), Environmental Taxation - A Guide for Policy Makers, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://www.oecd.org/env/tools-evaluation/48164926.pdf.
[15] OECD (1995), St. Petersburg Guidelines on Environmental Funds in the Transition to a Market Economy, OECD Publishing, Paris, http://www.oecd.org/environment/outreach/stpetersburgguidelinesonenvironmentalfundsinthetransitiontoamarketeconomy.htm.
[8] OECD (1974), Recommendation of the Council on the Implementation of the Polluter-Pays Principle, 14 November 1974, C(74)23, OECD, Paris.
[16] UNECE (2019), Environmental Performance Reviews: Kazakhstan, Third Review, Environmental Performance Reviews Series, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Geneva.
[4] UNECE (2008), 2nd Environmental Performance Review of Kazakhstan, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Geneva, http://www.unece.org/index.php?id=14813.
[19] US EPA (2018), National Ambient Air Quality Standards, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, https://www.epa.gov/criteria-air-pollutants/naaqs-table.
[22] WHO (2006), WHO Air Quality Guidelines for Particulate Matter, Ozone, Nitrogen Dioxide and Sulfur Dioxide, Global update 2005, Summary of risk assessment, World Health Organization, Geneva, http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/69477/WHO_SDE_PHE_OEH_06.02_eng.pdf;jsessionid=E31B7B845A0498C471A1C5153E8ADC18?sequence=1.