Estimates of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by industry, based primarily on Air Emissions Accounts (AEA) and drawing on other sources of GHG emissions statistics, can be combined with OECD’s Inter-Country Input-Output (ICIO) tables to produce estimates of emissions from consumption (or demand) perspectives. This allows indicators of GHG footprints to be developed, revealing the emissions associated with intermediate consumption, final consumption and capital formation expenditures along global production chains. The use of emissions statistics compiled under the System of Environmental Economic Accounting (SEEA) framework, which is based on the resident principle, allows calculation of production-based emissions by industry that cover not only CO2 emissions from fuel combustion, but also non-fuel combustion emissions.
Building on previous work on production- and demand-based measures focussing on CO2 emissions, the new set of GHG footprint indicators reveals emissions embodied in domestic and international production networks and emissions associated with final demand patterns from purchasers’ price perspectives for 76 economies for the period 1995 to 2020, reflecting the coverage of the latest published OECD ICIO tables (2023 edition).
The indicators provided include: GHG emissions based on production (i.e. emitted by countries); GHG emissions embodied in domestic final demand (in both basic prices and purchasers’ prices); net exports of GHG emissions; net imports of GHG emissions; domestic emissions in exports; domestic emissions in final demand; foreign emissions in domestic demand; production and demand-based emissions per capita; and production and demand-based emissions per US dollar of GDP.
