The COVID-19 crisis shed light on the potential of national urban policy (NUP) to shape more resilient, green and inclusive cities with the duty shared across levels of government. Before the pandemic, more than 90 countries explicitly used NUP to set a common vision, align sectoral policies, foster rural-urban linkages, address socio-spatial inequalities, and facilitate multi-level dialogues for a balanced, polycentric and higher-quality urbanisation that delivers inclusive and sustainable growth and well-being for all. Whilst COVID-19 magnified existing and well-known urban challenges, it also built social and political acceptance of future-proof policy reforms required by cities of all sizes.
Since the first global monitoring carried out by the OECD, UN-Habitat and Cities Alliance in 2018, significant improvements took place regarding NUP design and implementation around the globe. Based on a survey of 86 countries, complemented by desk research on additional 76 countries, this second edition documents these improvements, in particular the integration of social and environmental objectives, evidence-based monitoring of NUP effectiveness and outcomes, and systematic mainstreaming of the Sustainable Development Goals, the Paris Climate Agreement and other global agendas in NUP design and implementation. However, policy siloes, persistent data and information gaps, and weak capacity continue to challenge both national and sub-national governments in making the most of NUP’s potential.