The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of of the governments of UN Habitat members, or UNOPS/Cities Alliance.
The names of countries and territories used in this joint publication follow the practice of the United Nations.
This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area.
Regional groupings in this report follow the new regional groupings based on United Nations Standard Country and Area Codes (M49) Classifications. The following modifications have been made in order to more adequately align with UN Habitat regional groupings which are reflected in the UN Habitat World Cities Report: Western Asia states have been regionally grouped into the Arab States, with the exception of Comoros, Djibouti, Somalia, and Mauritania which are in the Africa region and Armenia, Azerbaijan, Cyprus, Georgia, Israel, Turkey which are in the Asia and the Pacific region. The North American countries, Canada and the United States of America, have been added to the European region, forming a category for Europe and North America.
© OECD, UN-Habitat and UNOPS 2021