OECD Economic Surveys: Argentina 2019

Abstract

This Survey was prepared in the Economics Department of the OECD by Jens Arnold and Robert Grundke under the supervision of Piritta Sorsa. Statistical research assistance was provided by Anne Legendre and editorial assistance by Carolina González.

The Survey was discussed at a meeting of the Economic and Development Review Committee on 22 January 2019 and is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD.

Basic Statistics of Argentina, 2017

(Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average)*

LAND, PEOPLE AND ELECTORAL CYCLE
Population (million)	44.0		Population density per km²	16.2	(35.8)
Under 15 (%)	24.9	(17.9)	Life expectancy (years, 2016)	76.6	(80.6)
Over 65 (%)	11.2	(16.8)	Men	72.8	(77.8)
			Women	80.3	(83.2)
Latest 5-year average growth (%)	1.1	(0.6)	Latest general election	October 2017
ECONOMY
Gross domestic product (GDP)			Value added shares (%)
In current prices (billion USD)	639.2		Primary sector	9.9	(2.4)
In current prices (billion ARS)	10 555.8		Industry including construction	22.4	(26.9)
Latest 5-year average real growth (%)	0.7	(2.1)	Services	67.7	(70.7)
Per capita (000 USD PPP)	20.9	(43.7)
GENERAL GOVERNMENT
Per cent of GDP
Expenditure	41.8	(41.3)	Gross financial debt	57.6	(110.9)
Revenue	34.8	(39.1)
EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS
Exchange rate (ARS per USD, 2017)	16.5		Main exports (% of total merchandise exports)
Exchange rate (ARS per USD, March 2019)	40.0		Food and live animals	44.2
PPP exchange rate (USA = 1; 2017)	11.5		Machinery and transport equipment	13.2
In per cent of GDP			Chemicals and related products, n.e.s.	9.4
Exports of goods and services	11.2	(55.7)	Main imports (% of total merchandise imports)
Imports of goods and services	13.8	(51.3)	Machinery and transport equipment	50.0
Current account balance	-4.9	(0.4)	Chemicals and related products, n.e.s.	15.9
Net international investment position	3.5		Manufactured goods	10.8
LABOUR MARKET, SKILLS AND INNOVATION
Employment rate for 15-64 year-olds (%)	60.8	(67.7)	Unemployment rate, Labour Force Survey (age 15 and over) (%)	7.2	(5.8)
Men	70.6	(75.4)	Youth (age 15-24, %)	19.3	(11.9)
Women	49.2	(60.1)	Tertiary educational attainment 25-64 year-olds (%)	21.4	(36.9)
Participation rate for 15-64 year-olds (%)	65.5	(72.0)	Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP, 2016)	0.5	(2.3)
ENVIRONMENT
Total primary energy supply per capita (toe)b	2.0	(4.1)	CO2 emissions from fuel combustion per capita (tonnes, 2016)	4.3	(9.0)
Renewables (%)b	7.7	(10.2)	Exposure to air pollution (more than 10 μg/m³ of PM2.5, % of population, 2015)	44.2	(75.2)
SOCIETY
Income inequality (Gini coefficient)c	0.424	(0.314)	Median disposable household income (000 USD PPP)c	7.0	(22.9)
Relative poverty rate (%)c	19.4	(11.8)	Education outcomes (PISA score, 2012)
Public and private spending (% of GDP)			Reading	396	(496)
Health care	4.8	(8.8)	Mathematics	388	(494)
Pensions (Public)d	8.7	(8.2)	Science	406	(501)
Education (primary, secondary, post sec. non tertiary, 2014)	4.4	(3.5)	Share of women in parliament (%)	38.9	(29.2)

* Where the OECD aggregate is not provided in the source database, a simple OECD average of latest available data is calculated where data exist for at least 29 member countries.

a. 2016 data for the OECD.

b. 2016 data for Argentina.

c. 2015 data for the OECD. For Argentina, based on household data EPH for the fourth quarter of 2017.

d. 2013 for OECD

Source: Calculations based on data extracted from the databases of the following organisations: OECD, International Energy Agency, World Bank, International Monetary Fund and Inter-Parliamentary Union