OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Chile 2024
Basic statistics of Chile
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PEOPLE AND SOCIETY |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Population (million) |
19.83 |
Population density per km2 |
26 |
(36.5) |
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|
Share of population by type of region: |
|
|
|
Population compound annual growth rate, latest 5 years |
1.5 |
(0.5) |
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|
Predominantly urban (%) |
50 |
(49) |
|
Income inequality (Gini coefficient) |
0.45 |
(0.33) |
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|
Intermediate (%) |
16 |
(28) |
Poverty rate (% of pop. with less than 50% median income) |
17 |
(11) |
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|
Rural (%) |
34 |
(23) |
|
Life expectancy |
81 |
(80) |
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|
ECONOMY AND EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS |
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|
Total GDP (National currency, billion) |
262 593 |
|
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) |
39 |
(30) |
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|
Total GDP (USD, billion, current prices and PPPs) |
592 |
|
Main exports (% of total merchandise exports) |
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|
GDP compound annual real growth rate, latest 5 years |
2.4 |
(1.7) |
Ores, slag and ash |
27 |
|||||
|
GDP per capita (1 000 USD current PPPs) |
30 |
(54) |
|
Copper and articles thereof |
22 |
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|
Value added shares (%) |
|
|
|
Inorganic chemicals; organic and inorganic compounds of precious metals |
11 |
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|
Agriculture |
4 |
(2) |
|
Main imports (% of total merchandise imports) |
|
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|
Industry including construction |
35 |
(24) |
|
Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation |
22 |
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|
Services |
61 |
(74) |
|
Vehicles; other than railway or tramway rolling stock |
11 |
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|
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) |
36 |
(30) |
|
Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, mechanical appliances |
10 |
|
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|
GENERAL GOVERNMENT Percentage of GDP |
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|
Expenditure |
34 |
(46) |
|
Education expenditure |
4 |
(5.2) |
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|
Revenue |
27 |
(39) |
|
Health expenditure |
5.8 |
(7.6) |
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|
Gross financial debt |
41 |
(121) |
|
Environment protection expenditure |
0.15 |
(0.75) |
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|
Fiscal balance |
-7 |
(-8) |
|
Environmental taxes: (% of GDP) |
1.0 |
(1.4) |
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|
|
|
|
(% of total tax revenue) |
4.6 |
(4.6) |
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|
LABOUR MARKET, SKILLS AND INNOVATION |
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|
Unemployment rate (% of civilian labour force) |
7.9 |
(5.0) |
|
Patent applications in environment-related technologies (% of all technologies, average of latest 3 years b |
18 |
(11) |
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|
Tertiary educational attainment of 25-64 year-olds (%) |
31 |
(40) |
|
Environmental management |
11 |
(3) |
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|
Gross expenditure on R&D, % of GDP |
0.3 |
(2.7) |
|
Climate change mitigation technologies |
13 |
(10) |
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|
|
|
|
Climate change adaptation technologies |
8 |
(1) |
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|
ENVIRONMENT |
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|
Energy intensity: TES per capita (toe/cap.) |
1.89 |
(3.75) |
|
Passenger cars stock (vehicles/100 inhabitants) |
21 |
(50) |
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|
TES per GDP (toe/1 000 USD, 2015 PPPs) |
0.08 |
(0.09) |
|
SDG 6.4.2 Water stress (freshwater withdrawal as % of available freshwater resources) |
9 |
(21) |
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|
Renewables (% of TES) |
27 |
(12) |
|
Public water supply per capita (million m3) |
91 |
(95) |
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Carbon intensity (energy-related CO2): |
|
|
|
Municipal waste per capita, (kg/capita) |
461 |
(534) |
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|
Emissions per capita (t/cap.) |
4.2 |
(8.4) |
|
Material productivity (USD, 2015 PPPs/DMC, kg) |
0.4 |
2.45 |
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|
Emissions per GDP (t/1 000 USD, 2015 PPP) |
0.2 |
(0.2) |
|
Land area (1 000 km2) |
744 |
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|
GHG intensity: c |
|
|
|
% of arable land and permanent crops |
2 |
(11) |
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|
Emissions per capita (t/cap.) |
5.43 |
(10.86) |
|
% of permanent meadows and pastures |
12 |
(23) |
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|
Emissions per GDP (t/1 000 USD, 2015 PPP) |
0.26 |
(0.25) |
|
% of forest area |
25 |
(33) |
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|
Mean population exposure to air pollution (PM2.5), µg/m3 |
23.68 |
(13.93) |
% of other land (built-up and other land) |
61 |
(33) |
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a. Values earlier than 2017 are not taken into consideration. OECD value: where the OECD aggregate is not provided in the source database, a simple OECD average of the latest available data is calculated where data exist for a significant number of countries.
b. Higher-value inventions that have sought protection in at least two jurisdictions.
c. Excluding emissions/removals from land use, land-use change and forestry.
Source: Calculations based on data extracted from databases of the OECD, IEA/OECD, EUROSTAT and the World Bank.