The effectiveness of a regulatory framework hinges upon both the what and the how of regulation. Policy makers and regulators must look at the what – the substance of regulation – to ensure that the “rules of the game” deliver desired outcomes. Equally important is that policy makers and regulators consider the how of regulation – how countries develop, implement, and review rules – to ensure that regulations work effectively to promote the public interest.
This review follows such a combined approach to regulatory reform in Brazil. Chapter 1 considers regulatory barriers to competition in Brazil, using Brazil’s results in the OECD Product Market Regulation indicators to propose a range of policy options to make the country’s regulatory frameworks more competition-friendly. Chapters 2 to 6 consider Brazil’s institutional and policy arrangements for better regulation. They document the progress that the country has achieved so far, and provide recommendations to tackle the challenges ahead. Chapters 7 and 8 provides case studies of reforms in the natural gas and public sanitation sectors.
Together, the approaches show how a proportional, clear, and efficient regulatory framework can drive improvements in Brazil’s economic performance and its citizens’ welfare. In addition, removing unnecessary barriers to competition through targeted reform can foster productivity and economic growth.