Risk Governance Scan of Colombia

Annex C. Questionnaires

Public sector questionnaire

1. Governance of disaster risk management

This part of the questionnaire asks for information on Colombia’s national disaster risk management system and the legislative framework underpinning the system. It focuses on coherence of roles and responsibilities among key stakeholders, priority setting and the ability to achieve objectives, and capacities for flexibility and adaptiveness to major changes. This information will be used to examine the effectiveness of disaster risk governance arrangements in Colombia.

1.1. Aside from Law 1523/2012, which laws and regulations underpin your organisation’s work related to the governance of critical risks? Please list all relevant policies and provide links where available.

 

Policy document/ law	Link

1.2. What are the roles and responsibilities of your organisation in terms of managing critical risks and natural hazards within the framework of the above laws and regulations, and in practice? Please define the roles and responsibilities, and provide examples of relevant good initiatives, if available.

 

Stage of the disaster risk management cycle	Roles/responsibilities	Examples of relevant good initiatives
Disaster risk/hazard assessment
Disaster risk reduction
Disaster preparedness and response
Disaster recovery and reconstruction

1.3. Which of the following disaster risk governance functions does your organisation carry out? Please select all that apply by double-clicking on the boxes and selecting “checked”.

 Design/formulate disaster risk management policies

Prioritise disaster risk reduction measures and allocate resources accordingly

Prioritise disaster preparedness measures and allocate resources accordingly

Set performance targets for disaster preparedness measures

 Set performance targets for disaster risk reduction

 Provide incentives for the implementation of disaster risk management measures

 Monitor disaster risk management policy implementation

 Evaluate disaster risk management policy implementation

 Disseminate results of disaster risk management policy evaluations to the public

 Promote policy coherence across government departments with disaster risk management authorities

 Align competing policy objectives between different departments with disaster risk management authorities

 Co-ordinate disaster risk management actions across central and subnational levels of government

 Co-ordinate co-operation between government and non-governmental entities

 Carry out hazard/risk assessments

 Monitor disaster risks

 Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

1.4. How have your organisation’s roles and responsibilities changed with the adoption of Law 1523?

Please elaborate.

1.5. How have your organisations’ disaster risk management capacities been reinforced/reduced with the adoption of Law 1523?

Please elaborate.

1.6. What means are available for your organisation to be involved in the policy co‑ordination work within the National Disaster Risk Management System? Please select all that apply by double-clicking on the boxes and selecting “checked”.

 National Disaster Risk Management Council (Consejo Nacional para la Gestión del Riesgo)

 National disaster risk management committees

 Co-ordination platforms to discuss disaster risk management policies

 Partnerships to foster co-operation between governmental and non-governmental entities

 Platforms for technical co-operation (e.g. expert discussions, mutual trust building, information sharing, disaster risk assessment workshops)

 Meetings between subnational and central government stakeholders

 National committees for understanding and reducing disaster risk, and disaster management

 Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

1.7. The National Disaster Risk Management System involves many institutions and organisations. How are their various policy agendas and competing priorities co-ordinated and aligned with the goals of the system, and underpinning Law 1523?

Please elaborate.

1.8. How effective would you rate the disaster risk management policy co-ordination work of the National Disaster Risk Management System? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5.

 

0 Ineffective	1	2	3	4	5 Very effective

Please elaborate the rating.

1.9. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the most effective aspects of the co‑ordination work of the National Disaster Risk Management System? Where is there room for improvement?

Please elaborate.

1.10. What means does the National Disaster Risk Management System use to involve stakeholders/interest groups in formulating disaster risk management policies? Please select all that apply by double-clicking on the boxes and selecting “checked”.

 Workshops with representatives from relevant line ministries

 Workshops with representatives from subnational levels of government

 Conferences/workshops with participation from interest groups and non-governmental organisations

 Expert meetings with representatives from academia

 Town hall meetings open to citizens

 Public consultation process

 Citizen participation website Crystal Urn (Urna de Cristal)

 Others, please specify:

1.11. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the key challenges and success factors in ensuring broad stakeholder/interest group involvement in the disaster risk policy-making process in Colombia?

Please elaborate.

1.12. What accountability mechanisms are in place to ensure that stakeholders fulfil their respective disaster risk management responsibilities as foreseen by the legal framework? Please select all that apply by double-clicking on the boxes and selecting “checked”.

 Regular audits that consider resilience and disaster risk management objectives

 Public hearings

 Corrective measures for non-compliance with resilience and disaster risk management requirements:

 Budget reductions

 Legal proceedings

 Fines

 Other sanctions, please specify: Click here to enter text.

 Other, please specify: Click here to enter text.

1.13. Self-assessment: How effective would you rate the existing accountability mechanisms? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5 by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

0 Ineffective	1	2	3	4	5 Very effective

Please elaborate on the rating.

1.14. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the key challenges in ensuring that each stakeholder fulfils his/her disaster risk management responsibilities? What are success factors in this regard?

Please elaborate.

2. Hazard and disaster risk assessments

This part of the questionnaire asks for information on the use of hazard and disaster risk assessments to inform land-use decisions and civil contingency planning, and to inform disaster risk management measures. It will also look at whether forward-looking techniques are incorporated, and how the results of these assessments are communicated across stakeholders.

2.1. Who prepares hazard assessments/maps for the below hazards in Colombia? Please check the applicable boxes by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

Risk	Hazard assessment/maps		If yes: Scope		Please provide details on the organisation conducting the hazard assessments/maps
	Yes	No	National	Regional
Earthquakes
Tsunami
Landslides
Rock fall
Volcanic activity
Storms
Cold wave
Heat wave
Drought
Wildfire
Flood
Avalanche
Click here to enter text.
Click here to enter text.
Click here to enter text.

2.2. Which stakeholders does your organisation co-operate with when preparing hazard assessments/maps?

 

	Hazard assessments/maps
Other ministries at central government level	Please list stakeholders you co‑operate with
Subnational governments
Scientific community and/or academia
Private sector (e.g. insurance)
Non-governmental organisations (e.g. Red Cross)
Citizens (e.g. local population)
International organisations/bilateral co-operation agencies
Associations (e.g. engineering association)
Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

2.3. Do hazard assessments incorporate forward-looking approaches, such as horizon scanning or foresight analyses, to include prospective trends (e.g. climate change, demographic trends, urbanisation, etc.)? If so, who conducts these?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

2.4. Are hazard assessments/maps regularly updated for the below disaster risks in Colombia? If so, how often are they updated?

 

Earthquakes

Tsunami

Landslides

Rock fall

Volcanic activity

Storms

Cold wave

Heat wave

Drought

Wildfire

Flood

Avalanche

Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

Not updated

Every year

Every 1-2 years

Every 2-3 years

Every 3-5 years

Other, please specify: Click here to enter text.

2.5. In your opinion, are the experts conducting hazard assessments/maps impartial? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5 by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

0 Not impartial	1	2	3	4	5 Very impartial

Please elaborate on the rating.

2.6. Are the results of hazard assessments publicly available and free of charge?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

2.7. Are the results of hazard assessments communicated across departments and levels of government to ensure policy consistency?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

2.8. Are the results of hazard assessments used in the following activities?

 

Actions	Yes	No	Examples of usage of hazard/risk information in policy making
Implementation of land-use policies
Building code development/updates
Risk communication
Prioritising disaster risk reduction measures
Resource allocation for disaster risk reduction measures
Emergency preparedness and contingency planning
Resource allocation for preparedness/contingency planning
Setting insurance premiums
Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

2.9. Self-assessment: How effective would you rate the integration of hazard information into policy making in Colombia? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5 by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

	0 Ineffective	1	2	3	4	5 Very effective
Hazard information

Please elaborate on the rating.

2.10. Is there a process to call into question hazard assessments and land-use decisions based on the results of hazard assessments? If so, how can this be done?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

2.11. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the main areas in need of improvement related to the development of hazard/disaster risk assessments/maps and the way they are used in policy making in Colombia?

Please elaborate.

2.12. Who prepares disaster risk assessments/maps for the below disaster risks in Colombia? Please tick applicable boxes by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

Disaster risk	Disaster risk assessments/maps		If yes: Scope		Please provide details on the organisation conducting the disaster risk assessments/maps
	Yes	No	National	Regional
Earthquakes
Tsunami
Landslides
Rock fall
Volcanic activity
Storms
Cold wave
Heat wave
Drought
Wildfire
Flood
Avalanche
Click here to enter text.

2.13. Which of the following impact criteria are used in disaster risk assessments?

 

Impact criteria	Yes	No	Please provide details, if applicable
Human impact
Direct economic impacts (i.e. damages)
Indirect economic impacts (i.e. losses, for example due to business disruptions)
Environmental impact
Cultural stakes at risk
Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

3. Disaster risk reduction

This part of the questionnaire asks for information on the structural and non-structural disaster risk reduction measures in Colombia to reduce the exposure and vulnerabilities of households, critical infrastructure and businesses, and public institutions.

Non-structural measures

3.1. What are your organisation’s role and responsibilities in improving disaster risk awareness across stakeholders (households, businesses, departments and levels of government)?

Please elaborate.

3.2. How does your organisation communicate disaster risk information? Please provide examples/weblinks, where applicable.

 

	Yes	No	Examples/weblinks of good practices
Audience-specific risk communication material, e.g. for vulnerable groups, businesses, etc.
Information campaigns
Town hall meetings
TV/radio messages
Newspapers
Websites
Social media
Conferences/workshops
Professional training/classes
Inclusion of risk information in school curricula
Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

3.3. Do your organisation’s disaster risk communication materials also provide information on self-protection and preparedness measures available to households and businesses?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

3.4. Do you co-operate with other stakeholders in the disaster risk communication process?

 Yes. Please provide details in the table below.  No

 

	Please list stakeholders you co-operate with	Examples of joint risk communication initiatives
Other ministries at central government level
Subnational governments
Private sector (e.g. media, insurance)
Non-governmental organisations (e.g. Red Cross)
Scientific community and/or academia
Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

3.5. Are disaster risk communication efforts regularly evaluated to ensure their effectiveness?

 Yes. Please provide details and/or links to evaluation results in the field below.

 No

Please elaborate.

3.6. Self-assessment: In your opinion, how effective are your organisations’ disaster risk communication efforts? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5 by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

0 Ineffective	1	2	3	4	5 Very effective

Please elaborate on the rating.

3.7. Self-assessment: In your opinion, is the general public sufficiently aware of the risks and hazards they face? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5 by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

	0 Unaware	1	2	3	4	5 Very aware
General public
Private sector

Please elaborate on the rating.

3.8. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the main challenges for increasing disaster risk awareness in Colombia?

Please elaborate.

3.9. Self-assessment: In your opinion, have there been changes in disaster risk knowledge and the levels of disaster risk reduction since the adoption of Law 1523/2012?

Please elaborate.

3.10. How does your organisation encourage households to carry out self-protection or preparedness measures (e.g. with subsidies, awareness campaigns, rewards for good practices, etc.)? Please provide details in the field below.

Please elaborate.

3.11. Which incentives does your organisation use to encourage businesses to carry out disaster risk management measures? Please select all that apply in the table below by double-clicking on the boxes and selecting “checked”.

 Financial incentives for disaster risk reduction measures:

 Loans for the implementation of disaster risk management measures

 Grants/subsidies or conditional cash transfers for the implementation of disaster risk management measures

 Discounts on prices or insurance premiums

 Other, please specify: Click here to enter text.

 Non-financial incentives for disaster risk reduction measures:

 Awards or certification and/or endorsement of good practice

 Provision of guidance for business continuity planning

 Provision of disaster risk management standards/toolkits

 Access to reliable hazard and risk information

 Access to guidance and/or training on context-specific disaster risk management

 Disaster risk communication campaigns

 Other, please specify:

3.12. Self-assessment: In your opinion, how effective are the efforts to encourage businesses and households to carry out self-protection or preparedness measures? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5 by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

	0 Ineffective	1	2	3	4	5 Very effective
Efforts to promote business continuity planning
Efforts to promote household preparedness and self-protection

Please elaborate.

3.13. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the key challenges in boosting the implementation of self-protection or preparedness measures amongst households/businesses?

Please elaborate.

3.14. What are your organisations role and responsibilities in the design and enforcement of land-use policies?

Please elaborate.

3.15. Which other stakeholders play a role in the design and enforcement of land-use policies in Colombia?

 

	Design phase	Enforcement
Other ministries at central government level	Please list relevant stakeholders	Please list relevant stakeholders
Subnational governments
Scientific community and/or academia
Private sector (e.g. insurance)
Non-governmental organisations
Citizens (e.g. local population)
Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

3.16. What are your organisations role and responsibilities in the design and enforcement of urban development policies?

Please elaborate.

3.17. Which other stakeholders play a role in the design and enforcement of urban development policies in Colombia?

 

	Design phase	Enforcement
Other ministries at central government level	Please list relevant stakeholders	Please list relevant stakeholders
Subnational governments
Scientific community and/or academia
Private sector (e.g. insurance)
Non-governmental organisations
Citizens (e.g. local population)
Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

3.18. How does your organisation incentivise subnational governments to ensure coherent land-use and urban planning policies?

Please elaborate.

3.19. How does your organisation consult with the private sector and/or households concerning coherent land-use and urban planning policies?

Please elaborate.

3.20. How does your organisation consult with the scientific community and/or non‑governmental organisations concerning coherent land-use and urban planning policies?

Please elaborate.

3.21. How is the implementation of land-use and urban planning policies monitored in Colombia?

Please elaborate.

Structural measures

3.22. Is your organisation responsible for the design and implementation of structural measures?

 Yes. Please provide details in the table below.  No

 

Hazard	Role (e.g. financing, design, construction)	Type of measures your organisation is responsible for
Earthquakes
Tsunami
Landslides
Rock fall
Volcanic activity
Storms
Cold wave
Heat wave
Drought
Wildfire
Flood
Avalanche
Click here to enter text.

3.23. Which stakeholders/interest groups are consulted in the design and implementation of structural measures that your organisation is responsible for? Please list the stakeholders in the field and provide details on the nature of the co-operation (e.g. cost-sharing, joint decision making, etc.).

Please elaborate.

3.24. What are the decision-making mechanisms for resource allocation to the development and/or maintenance of structural prevention measures?

Please elaborate.

3.25 Self-assessment: How well are structural measures maintained in Colombia? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5 by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

0 Not maintained	1	2	3	4	5 Very well maintained

If available, please also provide additional details and/or links to monitoring results in the field below.

Please elaborate.

3.26. How effective are structural measures in Colombia in terms of reducing disaster risks? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5 by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

0 Not effective	1	2	3	4	5 Very effective

Please elaborate on the rating.

3.27. How has the adoption of the Law 1523/2012 affected funding available for the implementation and maintenance of structural measures (e.g. via the National Fund for Disaster Risk Management – FNGRD)?

Please elaborate.

3.28. How does your organisation finance structural disaster risk management measures?

Please elaborate.

3.29. Are there provisions for sharing the costs of structural measures with other stakeholders, e.g. subnational governments or neighbouring households and businesses?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

3.30. How has your organisation co-financed structural measures through the FNGRD?

Please elaborate.

3.31. Self-assessment: In your opinion, would you say that overall the available funding for structural measures is sufficient to protect Colombia from major disasters? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5 by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

0 Insufficient	1	2	3	4	5 Sufficient

Please elaborate on the rating.

3.32. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the main challenges in the implementation and maintenance of structural measures in Colombia?

Please elaborate.

4. Disaster preparedness and emergency response

This part of the questionnaire asks for information about the response system to prepare for and respond to the complexities of emergencies and their consequences. This section will analyse co-ordination between different stakeholders in the multi-agency response network and their ability to interact effectively for optimal emergency response; the use of new technologies; investments in emergency preparedness, training and exercises; and the ability to engage with the private sector and voluntary organisations.

4.1. Is your organisation responsible for providing real-time early warning systems? If yes, is it made publicly available? Please provide details in the table below.

 

Hazard	Yes	No	Weblink to publicly available information
Earthquakes
Tsunami
Landslides
Rock fall
Volcanic activity
Storms
Cold wave
Heat wave
Drought
Wildfire
Flood
Avalanche
Click here to enter text.

4.2. What is the process for initiating emergency plans following early warnings?

Please elaborate.

4.3. What accountability measures are in place for false negative/positive alerts issued by early warning systems?

Please elaborate.

4.4. Self-assessment: How effective do you rate Colombia’s early warning systems? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5 by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

0 Ineffective	1	2	3	4	5 Very effective

Please elaborate.

4.5. Self-assessment: In your opinion, are there areas where there is need for improvement in Colombia’s early warning systems?

Please elaborate.

4.6. What are your organisation’s roles and responsibilities in emergency preparation and response?

Please elaborate.

4.7. Self-assessment: Have you encountered challenges in co-ordinating with other organisations with responsibilities for disaster preparedness and emergency response, e.g. overlapping responsibilities?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

4.8. To what extent does the private sector and civil society participate in emergency preparation and response?

Please elaborate.

4.9. Does your organisation engage in international disaster response and relief trainings?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

4.10. Do international organisations, bilateral co-operation agencies and international non‑governmental organisations have a role in supporting emergency preparedness and response in Colombia?

 Yes. Please provide details/examples in the table below.  No

 

Stakeholder	Role
Andean Committee for Disaster Prevention and Response (CAPRADE)
United Nations organisations, please specify: Click here to enter text.
Development banks, please specify: Click here to enter text.
Bilateral co-operation agencies, please specify: Click here to enter text.
International non-governmental organisations; please specify: Click here to enter text.
Other, please specify: Click here to enter text.

4.11. Self-assessment: How do you evaluate Colombia’s overall capacity for emergency management? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5 by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

0 Ineffective	1	2	3	4	5 Very effective

Please elaborate on the rating.

4.12. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what has been the impact of the adoption of Law 1523 on Colombia’s overall capacity for emergency management?

Please elaborate.

4.13. Self-assessment: Where do you see opportunities for improvement in Colombia’s overall capacity for emergency management?

Please elaborate.

5. Disaster risk financing, recovery and reconstruction

This section asks for information on disaster risk financing mechanisms and their effectiveness in terms of enabling rapid disaster recovery. Public compensation and assistance mechanisms will be analysed, as will the role of risk transfer. This section will also analyse how the government manages its financial exposure to disaster recovery and reconstruction costs.

5.1. What are your organisation’s roles and responsibilities in the disaster recovery and reconstruction phase?

Please elaborate.

5.2. Does your organisation work and/or co-ordinate with other stakeholders during disaster recovery and reconstruction?

 Yes. Please provide details in the table below.  No

 

	Stakeholder/interest group	Details on co‑ordination/co‑operation
Other ministries at central government level
Subnational governments
Non-governmental organisations
Insurance sector
Citizens (e.g. local population or community groups)
Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

5.3. Is public assistance for disaster recovery and reconstruction purposes available for any of the below purposes? If so, what is the legal basis? Is information on financial transfers related to recovery or reconstruction made public after a disaster event? Please also provide a weblink to publicly available information on disbursed recovery and reconstruction assistance, if available.

 

Purpose	Availability of recovery assistance?		Legal basis	Is information on financial transfers publicly available?		Weblink to publicly available information on disbursed recovery and reconstruction assistance
	Yes	No		Yes	No
Reconstruction/recovery of central government public infrastructure
Reconstruction/recovery of subnational public infrastructure
Reconstruction/recovery of state-owned enterprises
Reconstruction/recovery of critical infrastructure
Recovery assistance for households (e.g. assistance for basic needs and/or livelihood support)
Housing reconstruction
Assistance for vulnerable segments of the population unable to access insurance
Reconstruction/recovery of private businesses
Reconstruction/recovery of agricultural businesses
Other, please specify: Click here to enter text.

5.4. Are there publicly available and clearly defined eligibility criteria for receiving public financial assistance for disaster recovery and reconstruction? If so, how is this requirement enforced?

 

	Yes	No	Assistance to individuals	Assistance to companies
Requirement to build back better
Requirement to purchase insurance (where it is available)
Appropriate use of funds (e.g. use for clearly defined purposes such as basic needs)
Other, please specify: Click here to enter text.

5.5. Are there provisions against the misuse of public assistance for disaster recovery and reconstruction purposes?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

5.6. How are national public expenditures for recovery and reconstruction financed? Please select all that apply in the table below, and provide additional details if applicable.

 

	Financing for disaster recovery?	Financing for disaster reconstruction?	Additional details (e.g. name of reserve fund/budget line)
Reserve fund (e.g. National Fund for Disaster Risk Management)
Reallocation of budget
Debt
International assistance
International borrowing
Risk transfer arrangements
Other, please specify: Click here to enter text.

5.7. Is there is a strategy for managing the impacts of disasters on public finances? If so, is this strategy regularly updated?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

5.8. What accountability mechanisms are in place to ensure the continued relevance and effectiveness of the strategy for managing the impacts of disasters on public finances? Please select all that apply in the table below by double-clicking on the boxes and selecting “checked”.

 Regular audits that consider resilience and disaster risk management objectives

 Public hearings

 Other, please specify: Click here to enter text.

5.9. Self-assessment: How effective would you rate the existing accountability mechanisms? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5 by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

0 Ineffective	1	2	3	4	5 Very effective

Please elaborate on the rating.

5.10. What is the process for deciding on the amount of funding available for reconstruction and recovery purposes from public finance mechanisms, such as the FNGRD?

Please elaborate.

5.11. Self-assessment: In your opinion, is contingency funding for disaster recovery and reconstruction sufficient to enable rapid and sustainable disaster recovery in Colombia? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5 by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

	0 Insufficient	1	2	3	4	5 Sufficient
Funding for disaster recovery
Funding for disaster reconstruction

Please elaborate on the rating.

5.12. How have provisions and available funding for disaster recovery and reconstruction purposes changed since the adoption of Law 1523?

Please elaborate.

5.13. Are the government’s potential financial exposures to recovery and reconstruction expenses considered in fiscal planning?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

5.14. Does the government assess the availability and affordability of insurance for catastrophic risks? If so, are there measures in place to address lack of availability or unaffordability?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

5.15. Are national and subnational public sector organisations encouraged to purchase insurance or make arrangements to self-insure?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

5.16. What is the role of international assistance in supporting disaster recovery and reconstruction efforts in Colombia?

 

Stakeholder	Role
Andean Committee for Disaster Prevention and Response (CAPRADE)
United Nations organisations; please specify: Click here to enter text.
Development banks; please specify: Click here to enter text.
Bilateral co-operation agencies; please specify: Click here to enter text.
Non-governmental organisations; please specify: Click here to enter text.
Other, please specify: Click here to enter text.

5.17. Self-assessment: Law 1523 calls for a strategic plan for the co-ordination of international assistance. In your opinion, how effective is this plan in terms of managing international assistance, and channelling it to affected areas? Please rank it on a scale of 0‑5 by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

0 Ineffective	1	2	3	4	5 Effective

Please elaborate on the rating.

5.18. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the main challenges hampering rapid and sustainable disaster recovery and reconstruction in Colombia?

Please elaborate.

5.19. Does your organisation have a lessons learnt process in place to ensure continuous policy improvement, e.g. following the completion of disaster recovery activities?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

5.20. Have those lessons translated into policy changes?

 Yes. Please provide details on actions taken in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

5.21. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the key challenges in ensuring that the impacts of disasters on public finances are effectively managed? What are success factors in this regard?

Please elaborate.

Private sector questionnaire

1. Governance of disaster risk management

This part of the questionnaire asks for information on Colombia’s national disaster risk management system and the legislative framework underpinning the system. It focuses on coherence of roles and responsibilities of the private sector. The information gathered will help examine the effectiveness of disaster risk governance arrangements in Colombia.

1.1. What are the roles and responsibilities of your company in terms of managing critical risks and natural hazards?

 

Stage of the disaster risk management cycle	Role/responsibilities	Legal basis
Disaster risk/hazard assessment
Disaster risk reduction
Disaster preparedness and response
Disaster recovery and reconstruction

1.2. How does your company/industry contribute to achieving the goals set out by Law 1523?

Please elaborate.

1.3. How have your company’s roles and responsibilities changed with the adoption of Law 1523?

Please elaborate.

1.4. Is there a process for designating specific infrastructure as critical infrastructure?

 Yes. Please provide additional details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

1.5. Does your company manage or operate critical infrastructure?

 Yes. Please provide additional details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

1.6. Are there specific laws, policies and/or regulations that address critical infrastructure protection or resilience?

 Yes. Please specify which laws are available and provide links.  No

Please elaborate.

1.7. Does your company receive disaster risk management guidance from the central government, e.g. from the National Unit for Disaster Risk Management (UNGRD)?

 Yes. Please specify in the field below which guidance is available, and how it is used.  No

Please elaborate.

1.8. How is your company involved in the design of disaster risk management policies to implement Law 1523? Please select all that apply in the table below by double-clicking on the boxes and selecting “checked”.

 Workshops with representatives from relevant line ministries

 Workshops with representatives from subnational levels of government

 Conferences/workshops with participation from interest groups and non-governmental organisations

 Expert meetings with representatives from academia

 Information-sharing mechanisms or platforms for critical infrastructure operators and the government

 Town hall meetings open to citizens

 Public consultation process

 Citizen participation website Crystal Urn (Urna de Cristal)

 Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

1.9. What role does your company have in terms of co-ordinating with the National Disaster Risk Management System?

Please elaborate.

1.10. In your opinion, what are success factors to your company’s involvement in the disaster risk policy formulation and co-ordination process in Colombia?

Please elaborate.

1.11. Self-assessment: How effective would you rate the disaster risk management policy co‑ordination work of the National Disaster Risk Management System? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5.

 

0 Ineffective	1	2	3	4	5 Very effective

Please elaborate on the rating.

1.12. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the most effective aspects of the co‑ordination work of the National Disaster Risk Management System? Where do you see room for improvement?

Please elaborate.

1.13. What accountability mechanisms are in place to ensure that your company is carrying out its responsibilities as foreseen by the legal framework? Please select all that apply in the table below by double-clicking on the boxes and selecting “checked”.

 Regular audits that consider resilience and disaster risk management objectives

 Internal reviews

 Public hearings

 Corrective measures for non-compliance with resilience and disaster risk management requirements:

 Budget reductions

 Legal proceedings

 Fines

 Other sanctions, please specify: Click here to enter text.

 Other, please specify: Click here to enter text.

1.14. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the key challenges in ensuring that the private sector fulfils its disaster risk management responsibilities? What are success factors in this regard?

Please elaborate.

2. Disaster risk reduction

This part of the questionnaire asks for information on the structural and non-structural disaster risk reduction measures designed to reduce the exposure and vulnerabilities of households, critical infrastructure and businesses, and public institutions.

2.1. Does your company participate in disaster risk communication efforts?

 Yes. Please provide details in the table below.  No

 

	Yes	No	Examples/weblinks to good practices
Audience-specific risk communication material, e.g. for vulnerable groups, businesses, etc.
Information campaigns
Town hall meetings
TV/radio messages
Newspapers
Websites
Social media
Conferences/workshops
Training/classes
Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

2.2. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the main challenges in increasing disaster risk awareness in your company/industry?

Please elaborate.

2.3. Does your company engage in business continuity planning, e.g. emergency or business continuity plans?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

2.4. Are there specific self-protection or preparedness measures that your company is required by law to implement (e.g. emergency management plans, redundancy or back-up operating systems, insurance against disruptions, etc.)?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

2.5. What incentives are in place to motivate companies to carry out disaster risk management measures? Please select all that apply in the table below by double-clicking on the boxes and selecting “checked”.

 Financial incentives for disaster risk reduction measures:

 Loans for the implementation of disaster risk management measures

 Grants/subsidies or conditional cash transfers for the implementation of disaster risk management measures

 Discounts on prices or insurance premiums

 Other, please specify: Click here to enter text.

 Non-financial incentives for disaster risk reduction measures:

 Awards or certification and/or endorsement of good practice

 Access to hazard and risk information (free of charge)

 Access to guidance and/or training on context-specific disaster risk management

 Other, please specify: Click here to enter text.

2.6. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the main challenges your company/industry faces in undertaking disaster risk reduction activities?

Please elaborate.

2.7. Self-assessment: In your opinion, have there been changes in disaster risk knowledge and the levels of disaster risk reduction since the adoption of Law 1523 in 2012?

Please elaborate.

3. Disaster risk financing, recovery and reconstruction

This section of the questionnaire asks for information on disaster risk financing mechanisms, and their effectiveness in terms of enabling rapid disaster recovery, particularly for businesses and public services. Public compensation and assistance mechanisms will be analysed, as will the role of risk transfer. This section will also analyse how the government manages its financial exposure to disaster recovery and reconstruction costs.

3.1. Are there public policies in place to provide for public disaster recovery and reconstruction assistance to companies?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

3.2. Are there publicly available and clearly defined eligibility criteria for receiving public financial assistance for disaster recovery and reconstruction? If so, how is this requirement enforced, and has your company previously received assistance for disaster recovery and reconstruction purposes?

 

	Are eligibility criteria in place?		Details on enforcement provisions	Has your company received public assistance in the past?		Details on assistance received in the past
	Yes	No		Yes	No
Requirement to build back better
Requirement to purchase insurance (where it is available)
Appropriate use of funds (e.g. use for clearly defined purposes such as basic needs)
Other, please specify: Click here to enter text.

3.3. What measures does your company take to financially prepare for disaster recovery and reconstruction (e.g. contingency funds, uptake of catastrophic risk insurance)?

Please elaborate.

3.4. For which hazards is catastrophic risks insurance available, and against which hazards is your company insured?

 

Hazard	Is insurance available?		Did your company purchase insurance?		Additional details (e.g. affordability of insurance options)
	Yes	No	Yes	No
Earthquakes
Tsunami
Landslides
Rock fall
Volcanic activity
Storms
Cold wave
Heat wave
Drought
Wildfire
Flood
Avalanche
Click here to enter text.

3.5. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the main challenges hampering rapid and sustainable disaster recovery and reconstruction?

Please elaborate.

Civil society questionnaire

1. Governance of disaster risk management

This part of the questionnaire asks for information on Colombia’s national disaster risk management system and the legislative framework underpinning the system. It focuses on coherence of roles and responsibilities of the civil society. The information gathered will help examine the effectiveness of disaster risk governance arrangements in Colombia.

1.1. What are the role and responsibilities of your organisation in terms of managing critical risks and natural hazards?

 

Stage of the disaster risk management cycle	Role/responsibilities	Legal basis
Disaster risk/hazard assessment
Disaster risk reduction
Disaster preparedness and response
Disaster recovery and reconstruction

1.2. How does your organisation contribute to achieving the goals set out by Law 1523?

Please elaborate.

1.3. How have your organisation’s roles and responsibilities changed with the adoption of Law 1523?

Please elaborate.

1.4. Does your organisation receive any disaster risk management guidance from the central government, e.g. from the National Unit for Disaster Risk Management (UNGRD)?

 Yes. Please specify which guidance is available, and how it is used.  No

Please elaborate.

1.5. How is your organisation involved in the design of disaster risk management policies to implement Law 1523? Please select all that apply in the table below by double-clicking on the boxes and selecting “checked”.

 Workshops with representatives from relevant line ministries

 Workshops with representatives from subnational levels of government

 Conferences/workshops with participation from interest groups and non-governmental organisations

 Expert meetings with representatives from academia

 Information-sharing mechanisms or platforms for critical infrastructure operators and the government

 Town hall meetings open to citizens

 Public consultation process

 Citizen participation website Crystal Urn (Urna de Cristal)

 Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

1.6. What role does your organisation have in terms of co-ordinating with the National Disaster Risk Management System?

Please elaborate.

1.7. In your opinion, what are success factors to your organisation’s involvement in the disaster risk policy formulation and co-ordination process in Colombia?

Please elaborate.

1.8. Self-assessment: How effective would you rate the disaster risk management policy co‑ordination work of the National Disaster Risk Management System? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5.

 

0 Ineffective	1	2	3	4	5 Very effective

Please elaborate on the rating.

1.9. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the most effective aspects of the co‑ordination work of the National Disaster Risk Management System? Where do you see room for improvement?

Please elaborate.

1.10. What accountability mechanisms are in place to ensure that your organisation is carrying out its responsibilities as foreseen by the legal framework? Please select all that apply in the table below by double-clicking on the boxes and selecting “checked”.

 Regular audits that consider resilience and disaster risk management objectives

 Internal reviews

 Public hearings

 Corrective measures for non-compliance with resilience and disaster risk management requirements:

 Budget reductions

 Legal proceedings

 Fines

 Other sanctions, please specify: Click here to enter text.

 Other, please specify: Click here to enter text.

1.11. Self-assessment: How effective would you rate the existing accountability mechanisms relative to the requirements of accountability? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5 by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

0 Ineffective	1	2	3	4	5 Very effective

Please elaborate on the rating.

1.12. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the key challenges in ensuring that civil society fulfils its disaster risk management responsibilities? What are success factors in this regard?

Please elaborate.

2. Hazard and disaster risk assessments

This part of the questionnaire asks for information on the use of hazard and disaster risk assessments to inform land-use decisions, civil contingency planning and to inform disaster risk management measures. It will also look at whether forward-looking techniques are incorporated, and how the results of these assessments are communicated among stakeholders.

2.1. Who prepares hazard assessments/maps for the below hazards in Colombia? Please tick applicable boxes by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

Risk	Hazard assessments/maps		If yes: Scope		Please provide details on the organisation conducting the hazard assessments/maps
	Yes	No	National	Regional
Earthquakes
Tsunami
Landslides
Rock fall
Volcanic activity
Storms
Cold wave
Heat wave
Drought
Wildfire
Flood
Avalanche
Click here to enter text.
Click here to enter text.
Click here to enter text.

2.2. What is the UNGRD’s role to ensure coherence of the hazard assessments/maps in Colombia?

Please elaborate.

2.3. Which stakeholders does your organisation co-operate with when preparing hazard assessments/maps?

 

	Hazard assessments/maps
Other ministries at central government level	Please list stakeholders you co-operate with
Subnational governments
Scientific community and/or academia
Private sector (e.g. insurance)
Non-governmental organisations (e.g. Red Cross)
Citizens (e.g. local population)
International organisations/bilateral co-operation agencies
Associations (e.g. engineering association)
Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

2.4. Do hazard assessments incorporate forward-looking approaches, such as horizon scanning or foresight analyses, to include prospective trends (e.g. climate change, demographic trends, urbanisation, etc.)? If so, who conducts these?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

2.5. Are hazard assessments/maps regularly updated? If so, how often are they updated?

 

Earthquakes

Tsunami

Landslides

Rock fall

Volcanic activity

Storms

Cold wave

Heat wave

Drought

Wildfire

Flood

Avalanche

Others, please specify Click here to enter text.

Not updated

Every year

Every 1-2 years

Every 2-3 years

Every 3-5 years

Other updating period, please specify: Click here to enter text.

2.6. In your opinion, are the experts conducting hazard assessments/maps impartial? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5 by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

0 Not impartial	1	2	3	4	5 Very impartial

Please elaborate on the rating.

2.7. Are the results of hazard assessments publicly available and free of charge?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

2.8. Are the results of hazard assessments communicated across departments and levels of government to ensure policy consistency?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

2.9. Are the results of hazard assessments used in the following activities?

 

Actions	Yes	No	Examples of usage of hazard/risk information in policy making
Implementation of land-use policies
Building code development/updates
Risk communication
Prioritising disaster risk reduction measures
Resource allocation for disaster risk reduction measures
Emergency preparedness and contingency planning
Resource allocation for preparedness/contingency planning
Setting insurance premiums
Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

2.10. Self-assessment: How effective would you rate the integration of hazard information into policy making in Colombia? Please rank it on a scale of 0-5 by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

0 Ineffective	1	2	3	4	5 Very effective

Please elaborate.

2.11. Is there a process to call into question hazard assessments and land-use decisions based on the results of hazard assessments? If so, how can this be done?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

2.12. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the main areas in need of improvement related to the development of hazard/disaster risk assessments/maps and the way they are used in policy making in Colombia?

Please elaborate.

2.13. Who prepares disaster risk assessments/maps for the below disaster risks in Colombia? Please tick applicable boxes by double-clicking on the box and selecting “checked”.

 

Disaster risk	Disaster risk assessments/maps		If yes: Scope		Please provide details on the organisation conducting the disaster risk assessments/maps
	Yes	No	National	Regional
Earthquakes
Tsunami
Landslides
Rock fall
Volcanic activity
Storms
Cold wave
Heat wave
Drought
Wildfire
Flood
Avalanche
Click here to enter text.

2.14. Which of the following impact criteria are used in disaster risk assessments?

 

Impact criteria	Yes	No	Please provide details, if applicable
Human impact
Direct economic impacts (i.e. damages)
Indirect economic impacts (i.e. losses, for example due to business disruptions)
Environmental impact
Cultural stakes at risk
Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

3. Disaster risk reduction

This part of the questionnaire asks for information on the structural and non-structural disaster risk reduction measures designed to reduce the exposure and vulnerabilities of households, critical infrastructure and businesses, and public institutions.

3.1. Does your organisation have a role in communicating about disaster risks?

 Yes. Please provide details in the table below.  No

 

Communication tools	Yes	No	Examples/weblinks to good practices
Audience-specific risk communication material, e.g. for vulnerable groups, businesses, etc.
Information campaigns
Town hall meetings
TV/radio messages
Newspapers
Websites
Social media
Conferences/workshops
Training/classes
Others, please specify: Click here to enter text.

3.2. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the main challenges in increasing disaster risk awareness in Colombia?

Please elaborate.

3.3. What are your organisation’s roles and responsibilities in carrying out disaster risk reduction measures (aside from the disaster risk communication responsibilities mentioned in the previous question)?

Please elaborate.

3.4. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the main challenges your organisation faces in undertaking disaster risk reduction activities?

Please elaborate.

3.5. Self-assessment: In your opinion, have there been changes in disaster risk knowledge and the levels of disaster risk reduction since the adoption of Law 1523 in 2012?

Please elaborate.

4. Disaster preparedness and emergency response

This part of the questionnaire asks for information about the response system to prepare for and respond to the complexities of emergencies and their consequences. It will analyse co‑ordination between different stakeholders in the multi-agency response network and their ability to interact effectively for optimal emergency response.

4.1. Does your organisation have a role in emergency preparation and response?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

4.2. How is your organisation involved in the disaster preparedness and emergency response activities under the National Disaster Risk Management System?

Please elaborate.

4.3. Self-assessment: Have you encountered challenges in co-ordinating with other organisations with responsibilities for disaster preparedness and emergency response?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

4.4. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what has been the impact of the adoption of Law 1523 on Colombia’s overall capacity for emergency management?

Please elaborate.

5. Disaster risk financing, recovery and reconstruction

This section asks for information on disaster risk financing mechanisms, and their effectiveness in terms of enabling rapid disaster recovery.

5.1. What are your organisation’s role and responsibilities in facilitating disaster recovery and reconstruction, e.g. in terms of providing financial assistance for household and business recovery?

Please elaborate.

5.2. Does your organisation have access to public assistance for disaster recovery and reconstruction purposes, e.g. to channel them to affected populations?

 Yes. Please provide details in the field below.  No

Please elaborate.

5.3. How is your organisation involved in the National Disaster Risk Management System during the disaster recovery and reconstruction phase?

Please elaborate.

5.4. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what has been the impact of the adoption of Law 1523 on Colombia’s capacity to recover from disasters?

Please elaborate.

5.5. Self-assessment: In your opinion, what are the main challenges hampering rapid and sustainable disaster recovery and reconstruction in Colombia?

Please elaborate.