The Role of Firms in Wage Inequality
Annex A. Data Annex
Table A A.1. Data Sources
|
Name |
Earnings data source |
Sample structure |
Longitudinal |
Hourly wages |
Worker skills |
Firm productivity |
Time coverage |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Austria |
AMS-BMASK Arbeitsmarktdatenbank |
Social security administration |
Universe |
Yes |
No |
No information |
No |
2002-2017 |
|
Canada |
Longitudinal Worker Files (LWF) |
Tax administration |
Universe |
Yes |
No |
No information |
No |
1991-2016 |
|
Canadian Employer-Employee Dynamics Database (CEEDD) |
Tax administration |
Universe |
Only workers, not firms |
No |
No information |
Yes |
2001-2015 |
|
|
Costa Rica |
Register of Economic Variables (REVEC) from the Central Bank of Costa Rica (BCCR) |
Social security administration combined with register data |
Universe |
Yes |
No |
Occupation |
Yes |
2006-2017 |
|
Denmark |
IDA, IDAN, UDDA |
Tax administration combined with register data |
Universe |
Yes |
Yes |
Education and Occupation |
Yes |
2001-2017 |
|
Estonia |
Data from the Tax and Customs Board Register |
Tax administration |
Universe |
Yes |
No |
No information |
No |
2003-2017 |
|
Finland |
FOLK employment data from Statistics Finland, Employer Payroll Report from Tax Administration |
Tax adminstration |
Universe |
Yes |
No |
Education |
Yes |
2004-2018 |
|
France |
Déclaration annuelle des données sociales unifiée (DADS) panel linked with FARE/FICUS |
Mandatory employer survey |
1/12th random worker sample |
Yes |
Yes |
Occupation |
Yes |
2002-2017 |
|
Germany |
LIAB linked with BHP (Linked labour market biographies and establishment panel) |
Social security administration |
All workers who have ever worked in the ca. 16,000 BHP establishments |
Yes |
No |
Education and Occupation |
Yes |
1996-2016 |
|
Integrierte Erwerbsbiographien (IEB) |
Social security administration |
Universe (sampling due to computational constraints) |
Yes |
No |
Education and Occupation |
No |
1996-2016 |
|
|
Social security administration |
1.5 % random establishments sample |
Yes |
No |
Education and Occupation |
Yes |
2002-2018 |
||
|
Hungary |
ADMIN II - Panel of administrative data (OEP, ONYF, NAV, NMH, OH) |
Social security administration |
50% random sample of population, taken in 2003. |
Yes |
Yes |
Occupation |
Yes |
2003-2018 |
|
Italy |
Longitudinal Sample social security INPS (LoSai) |
Social security administration |
1/15th random worker sample |
Yes |
Yes |
Limited measure of occupation |
No |
2002-2015 |
|
Japan |
Basic Survey of Wage structure, Basic Survey of Japanese Business Structure and Activities |
Survey |
Sample stratified by prefectures and industry |
Only establishment, not worker |
Yes |
Education |
Yes |
2001-2016 |
|
Netherlands |
SPOLIS, POLIS, GBA, ABR and Hoogsteopltab. |
Social security administration |
Universe |
Yes |
Yes |
Education (for about half of the sample) |
Yes |
2010-2019 |
|
New Zealand |
Integrated Data Infrastructure (IDI) – Inland Revenue (IR) & Business Register data |
Tax administration |
Universe |
Yes |
No |
No |
Yes (but currently not available in LinkEED) |
2000-2017 |
|
Norway |
Earnings data (Tax Register), augmented with employment history (National Education database) |
Tax administration |
Universe |
Yes |
Yes |
Occupation |
Yes (but currently not available in LinkEED) |
2004-2014 |
|
Portugal |
Quadros de Pessoal |
Mandatory employer survey |
Universe |
Yes |
Yes |
Education and Occupation |
Yes |
2002-2017 |
|
Slovak Republic |
Slovak Linked Employer-Employee database |
Social security administration |
Universe |
Yes |
No |
Education |
No |
2014-2019 |
|
Spain |
Muestra Continua de Vidas Laborales con Datos Fiscales (MCVL-CDF) |
Social security and tax administration |
4% random worker sample |
Yes |
No |
Education and Occupation |
No |
2002-2017 |
|
Sweden |
RAMS, LISA, Job Register. SES |
Tax administration |
RAMS: Universe. SES: 100% of the public sector; stratified sample covering 50% of all private sector firms |
Yes |
No, use of fulltime equivalent |
Education and Occupation |
Yes (but currently not available in LinkEED) |
2001-2015 |
|
United Kingdom |
Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE) |
Mandatory employer survey |
1% random sample of national insurance records |
Yes |
Yes |
Occupation |
Yes (but currently not available in LinkEED) |
1997-2019 |
|
United States |
Longitudinal Business Database (LBD) |
Business Register, Economic Census & other surveys |
Universe |
Only firms, not workers |
No |
No |
No |
1976-2015 |
Table A A.2. Country coverage by Chapter
|
Chapter 1 |
Chapter 2 |
Chapter 3 |
Chapter 4 |
Chapter 5 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Austria |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
|
Canada |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
||
|
Costa Rica |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
|
Denmark |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
|
|
Estonia |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
||
|
Finland |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
|
France |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
|
Germany |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
|
|
Hungary |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
|
|
Italy |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
|
|
Japan |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
|
|
Netherlands |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
|
|
New Zealand |
✓ |
✓ |
|||
|
Norway |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
||
|
Portugal |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
|
|
Slovak Republic |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
|
|
Spain |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
|
|
Sweden |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
||
|
United Kingdom |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
||
|
United States |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |