OECD Economic Surveys: Viet Nam 2023
Basic statistics of Viet Nam, 2021
Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average1
|
PEOPLE AND ELECTORAL CYCLE |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Population (million) |
98.5 |
|
Life expectancy at birth (years, 2020) |
75.5 |
(79.7) |
|
Under 15 (%, 2020) |
23.2 |
(17.8) |
Men (2020) |
71.4 |
(77.0) |
|
Over 65 (%, 2020) |
7.9 |
(17.4) |
Women (2020) |
79.6 |
(82.5) |
|
International migrant stock (% of population, 2019) |
0.1 |
(13.2) |
Latest general election |
May-2021 |
|
|
Latest 5-year average growth (%) |
1.1 |
(0.6) |
|||
|
ECONOMY |
|||||
|
Gross domestic product (GDP) |
|
Value added shares (%) |
|
||
|
In current prices (billion USD) |
366.1 |
|
Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
13.8 |
(2.6) |
|
In current prices (trillion VND) |
8 479.7 |
|
Industry including construction |
41.1 |
(27.7) |
|
Latest 5-year average real growth (%) |
5.4 |
(1.5) |
Services |
45.1 |
(69.7) |
|
Per capita (000 USD PPP) |
11.6 |
(50.6) |
|
||
|
GENERAL GOVERNMENT Per cent of GDP |
|||||
|
Expenditure (OECD: 2020) |
21.9 |
(48.5) |
Gross financial debt (OECD: 2020) |
38.7 |
(133.6) |
|
Revenue (OECD: 2020) |
18.5 |
(38.1) |
|
||
|
EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS |
|||||
|
Exchange rate (VND per USD) |
23 160 |
|
Main exports (% of total merchandise exports) |
|
|
|
PPP exchange rate (USA = 1) |
7 405 |
|
Machinery and transport equipment |
48.1 |
|
|
In per cent of GDP |
|
Miscellaneous manufactured articles |
23.9 |
|
|
|
Exports of goods and services |
93.0 |
(29.8) |
Manufactured goods |
13.0 |
|
|
Imports of goods and services |
92.8 |
(29.8) |
Main imports (% of total merchandise imports) |
|
|
|
Current account balance |
-2.1 |
(0.1) |
Machinery and transport equipment |
45.7 |
|
|
|
|
Manufactured goods |
17.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
Chemicals and related products, n.e.s. |
11.4 |
|
|
|
LABOUR MARKET, SKILLS AND INNOVATION |
|||||
|
Employment rate (aged 15 and over, %) |
71.2 |
(56.2) |
Unemployment rate, Labour Force Survey (aged 15 and over, %) |
2.4 |
(6.1) |
|
Men |
75.9 |
(64.1) |
Youth (aged 15-24, %) |
7.0 |
(12.8) |
|
Women |
66.6 |
(48.7) |
Long-term unemployed (1 year and over, %) |
0.3 |
(2.0) |
|
Participation rate (aged 15 and over, %) |
72.9 |
(60.3) |
Tertiary educational attainment (aged 25-64, %, 2019, OECD: 2020)³ |
13.5 |
(39.0) |
|
Mean weekly hours worked |
39.2 |
(37.1) |
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP, 2019, OECD: 2020) |
0.5 |
(3.0) |
|
ENVIRONMENT |
|||||
|
Total primary energy supply per capita (toe, 2020, OECD: 2021) |
1.0 |
(3.8) |
CO2 emissions from fuel combustion per capita (tonnes, 2018, OECD: 2019) |
2.4 |
( 8.3) |
|
Renewables (%, 2020, OECD: 2021) |
15.1 |
(11.6) |
Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (1 000 m³, 2018) |
3.8 |
|
|
Exposure to air pollution (more than 10 μg/m³ of PM 2.5, % of population, 2019) |
92.4 |
(61.7) |
|
||
|
SOCIETY |
|||||
|
Income inequality (Gini coefficient, 2019, OECD: latest available) |
0.365 |
(0.316) |
Education outcomes (PISA score, 2015, OECD: 2018) |
|
|
|
Poverty gap at USD3.65 a day (2017 PPP, %, 2018) |
1.4 |
|
Reading |
487 |
(485) |
|
Public and private spending (% of GDP) |
|
Mathematics |
495 |
(487) |
|
|
Health care (2019, OECD: 2020) |
5.2 |
(9.7) |
Science |
525 |
(487) |
|
Education (% of GNI, 2020) |
4.6 |
(4.4) |
Share of women in parliament (%) |
30.3 |
(32.4) |
Note. The year is indicated in parenthesis if it deviates from the year in the main title of this table.
1. Where the OECD aggregate is not provided in the source database, a simple OECD average of latest available data is calculated where data exist for at least 80% of member countries.
2. For Viet Nam, data refers to aged 25 and over.
Source: Calculations based on data extracted from databases of the following organisations: OECD, International Energy Agency, International Labour Organisation, International Monetary Fund, United Nations, World Bank.