This report was prepared by the OECD Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities (CFE), led by Lamia Kamal-Chaoui, Director. This work was conducted as part of the OECD’s Local Employment and Economic Development (LEED) Programme with financial support from the government of Colombia.
This report was co-ordinated and co-drafted by Ekaterina Travkina, Co-ordinator, Culture and Creative Industries in the Local Employment, Skills and Social Innovation Division (CFE/LESI), Lucas Leblanc, Policy Analyst, CFE/LESI Division (chapters 2, 3 and 4), and Martha Bloom, Policy Analyst, CFE/LESI (chapter 1). Karen Maguire, Head of the CFE/LESI Division managing the LEED Programme provided overall supervision and comments. Authors are grateful to Pier Luigi Sacco, Senior Advisor on Culture to the OECD for his contribution. Agustin Basauri, Statistician and Gina Marie Enriquez, intern, CFE/LESI, also supported the project through data analysis, research and administrative support.
The authors are grateful to representatives in the Ministry of Culture of Colombia: Angélica Mayolo Obregón, Minister; Adriana Padilla Leal, Deputy Minister, Creativity and the Orange Economy; José Ignacio Argote López, Deputy Minister, Regional Promotion and Heritage. The OECD also thanks Natalia Sefair López, Head, International Affairs and Cooperation; Carlos Adolfo Hernandez Mercado, Advisor, International Affairs and Cooperation; Yully Ramírez, Advisor, International Affairs and Cooperation; Brayan Alexander Moreno Chaparro, Advisor, Vice Ministry of Creativity and the Orange Economy; Lucas Mateo Sánchez Torres, Advisor, Vice Ministry of Creativity and the Orange Economy; Leydi Higidio, Director, Strategy, Development and Entrepreneurship; Emmanuel Fontalvo, Coordinator, Public Innovation and Opportunities; Juan Felipe Parra Osorio, Coordinator, Incentives, Access and Knowledge Group Coordinator; Óscar Gómez, Leader, ADN – creative districts; Juan Tsao, Leader, Cultural Ecosystems; Elisa Ardila, Leader, Finance Benefits; Guido Mauricio Alvarado Plata and Javier Villamil Santana, Strategy, Development and Entrepreneurship Team, for their contribution to the analysis, comments and constructive feedback.
The authors are grateful to the representatives from local governments, ministries and national entities that participated in online interviews with the OECD: Alberto Escovar, Director, Heritage; Alfredo Rafael Goénaga Linero, Head, Advisory Office of Planning; Víctor Manuel Rodríguez Sarmiento, Director, Arts; Luis Alberto Sevillano, former Director, Populations (Ministry of Culture); Carlos Mario Estrada, General Director; Iveth Alexandra Gutierrez Collazos and Juan Carlos Alvarez Peña, Lead, Cultural and Creative Industries (SENA); Sandra Gómez Arias, President, Daniela Mojica Friede; Alejandra Gómez Gómez, Lead; Martha Arango Lievano, Director, Directorate of Cities and Competitiveness (Findeter); Javier Díaz Fajardo, Chief Executive Operator and Juliana Martínez Hernández, Head, Orange Economy (Bancóldex); Nicolás Montero, General Director, Department of Culture, Recreation and Sport, Bogotá City Hall; Eleonora Betancur González, Executive Director, Cooperation and Investment Agency; Juan José Henao Libreros, Cooperation and Investment Agency; Alberto López Orozco, Agency for Land Management, Heritage and Public Private Partnerships (APP), Medellín City Hall; María del Pilar Ordoñez, Director General, CoCrea; María Teresa Fernández Iglesias, Secretary; Ronald Andres Chavarro Peña; Brayan René Bolívar Vanega, Director of Local Affairs and Participation, District Department of Culture, Heritage and Tourism Barranquilla City Hall; Xiomara V. Suescún, Coordinator, Creative Economy, Department of Economic Development, Cali City Hall; Greis Steffany Cifuentes Tarquino, Secretary of Culture, Ibagué City Hall; Lina María Tapia Fernandez, Orange Development Area (ADN), San Jacinto, Bolívar.
The authors thank those who provided their helpful input on the report and engaged with project events: Juan Camilo Riveros Botero, Advisor, Directorate of Economy, Studies and Policy, Department of Culture, Recreation and Sport, Bogotá City Hall; Sofía Lobos, Co-founder, Latin American Creative Platform (PLaC); and Mario Enrique Vargas Sáenz, Director EAFIT Social, EAFIT University, Medellín.
Finally, the authors would like to thank all that took part in the OECD’s three online workshops: Bárbara Russi, Director of Creativity, Culture and Capital, Fundación Compromiso (Argentina); Erminia Sciacchitano, Senior Advisor, Minister’s Cabinet, Ministry of Culture (Italy); Elisa Ughetto, PhD, Associate Professor, Politecnico di Torino – DIGEP (Italy); Eva Frade, Lead of Technical Secretariat, Fundación Goteo (Spain); Ross Brown, Professor, University of Saint Andrews (United Kingdom); and Eduardo Saravia, Chief Economist, and Jairo Perilla, Project and Research Coordinator, Sound Diplomacy.