System-level data that are not derived from the PISA 2022 student or school questionnaire are extracted from the OECD’s annual publication Education at a Glance for those countries and economies that participate in that periodic data collection. For other countries and economies, a special system-level data collection was conducted in collaboration with PISA Governing Board members and National Project Managers.
For further information see: System-level data collection for PISA 2022: Sources, comments and technical notes at https://webfs.oecd.org/pisa2022/PISA2022IR_AnnexB3_TechnicalDocument_v2.docx.
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