This chapter provides eight indicators on asset-backed pension systems in 2022. Asset-backed pension systems include pension plans where individuals accumulate assets and public reserves that social security institutions or governments build up to support pay-as-you-go pension schemes.
The first indicator looks at the proportion of the working-age population participating in pension plans. The second indicator shows legislated contribution rates and the average effective contributions paid by member (or by account) relative to average wages.
The third indicator reports the value of assets earmarked for retirement. The fourth indicator focuses on the way these assets are invested, while the fifth indicator analyses their investment performance in 2022 and over longer periods. The sixth indicator breaks down assets by types of pension plans.
The seventh indicator looks at the fees charged to members in selected defined contribution plans. The final indicator focuses on defined benefit funding ratios, presented over the period 2012‑22.