[162] Adema, W. (2012), « Setting the scene: The mix of family policy objectives and packages across the OECD », Children and Youth Services Review, vol. 34/3, pp. pp. 487-498, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.10.007.
[87] Adema, W. (2006), « Towards coherent care and education support policies for New Zealand families », Social Policy Journal of New Zealand - Te Puna Whakaaro 28, pp. pp. 46-76, https://www.msd.govt.nz/about-msd-and-our-work/publications-resources/journals-and-magazines/social-policy-journal/spj28/28-towards-coherent-care-and-education-support-policies-for-new-zealand-families-p46-76.html.
[53] Adema, W., N. Ali et O. Thévenon (2014), Changes in Family Policies and Outcomes: Is there Convergence?, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/5jz13wllxgzt-en.
[52] Adema, W., J. Fluchtmann et V. Patrini (2023), « Mettre l’égalité des genres au cœur de toutes les politiques publiques », dans Joining Forces for Gender Equality : What is Holding us Back?, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/a3452d6b-en.
[167] Ahn, J. et al. (2021), « The Association Between Long Working Hours and Infertility », Safety and Health at Work, vol. 12/4, pp. pp. 517-521, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2021.07.005.
[143] Alakärppä, O. et al. (2022), « Young women’s contradictory expectations and their perceived capabilities for future work-family reconciliation in Finland », Journal of Youth Studies, https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2022.2098703.
[62] Alderotti, G. (2022), « Female employment and first childbirth in Italy: what news? », Genus, vol. 78/1, https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-022-00162-w.
[67] Alderotti, G. et al. (2021), « Employment Instability and Fertility in Europe: A Meta-Analysis », Demography, vol. 58/3, pp. pp. 871-900, https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-9164737.
[39] André, C., P. Gal et M. Schieff (forthcoming), Enhancing Productivity and Growth in an Aging Society.
[96] Ang, X. (2015), « The Effects of Cash Transfer Fertility Incentives and Parental Leave Benefits on Fertility and Labor Supply: Evidence from Two Natural Experiments », Journal of Family and Economic Issues, vol. 36/2, pp. pp. 263-288, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-014-9394-3.
[152] Australian Conservation Foundation (2019), New survey shows women will change their lives – and votes – for climate action, Australian Conservation Foundation, https://www.acf.org.au/women_will_change_their_lives_and_votes_for_climate_action.
[63] Ayllón, S. (2019), « Job insecurity and fertility in Europe », Review of Economics of the Household, vol. 17/4, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11150-019-09450-5.
[14] Bailey, M., J. Currie et H. Schwandt (2022), The Covid-19 Baby Bump: The Unexpected Increase in U.S. Fertility Rates in Response to the Pandemic, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA, https://doi.org/10.3386/w30569.
[48] Bar, M. et al. (2018), « Why did rich families increase their fertility? Inequality and marketization of child care », Journal of Economic Growth, vol. 23/4, pp. pp. 427-463, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10887-018-9160-8.
[43] Barro, R. et J. Lee (2013), « A new data set of educational attainment in the world, 1950–2010 », Journal of Development Economics, vol. 104, pp. pp. 184-198, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2012.10.001.
[11] Beaujouan, E. et C. Berghammer (2019), « The Gap Between Lifetime Fertility Intentions and Completed Fertility in Europe and the United States: A Cohort Approach », Population Research and Policy Review, vol. 38/4, pp. pp. 507-535, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-019-09516-3.
[3] Becker, G. (1960), « An economic analysis of fertility », Columbia University Press, pp. pp. 209-240, http://www.nber.org/chapters/c2387.pdf.
[94] Bergsvik, J., A. Fauske et R. Hart (2021), « Can Policies Stall the Fertility Fall? A Systematic Review of the (Quasi-) Experimental Literature », Population and Development Review, vol. 47/4, pp. pp. 913-964, https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12431.
[60] Berninger, I. (2013), « Women’s income and childbearing in context: First births in Denmark and Finland », Acta Sociologica (United Kingdom), vol. 56/2, https://doi.org/10.1177/0001699312444933.
[23] Bhasin, S. et al. (2019), « The Implications of Reproductive Aging for the Health, Vitality, and Economic Welfare of Human Societies », The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol. 104/9, pp. pp. 3821-3825, https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2019-00315.
[8] Bhattacharjee, N. et al. (2024), « Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 », The Lancet, https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00550-6.
[93] Bipartisan Policy Centre (2024), State Paid Family Leave Laws Across the U.S, https://bipartisanpolicy.org/explainer/state-paid-family-leave-laws-across-the-u-s/ (consulté le 8 March 2024).
[150] Bodin, M. et J. Björklund (2022), « “Can I take responsibility for bringing a person to this world who will be part of the apocalypse!?”: Ideological dilemmas and concerns for future well-being when bringing the climate crisis into reproductive decision-making », Social Science & Medicine, vol. 302, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114985.
[124] Bonner, S. et D. Sarkar (2020), « Who responds to fertility-boosting incentives? Evidence from pro-natal policies in Australia », Demographic Research, vol. 42, pp. pp. 513-548, https://doi.org/10.4054/demres.2020.42.18.
[27] Borumandnia, N. et al. (2022), « Worldwide trend analysis of primary and secondary infertility rates over past decades: A cross-sectional study », International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine (IJRM), pp. pp. 37-46, https://doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v20i1.10407.
[135] Brauner-Otto, S. (2021), « Housing and fertility: a macro-level, multi-country investigation, 1993-2017 », Housing Studies, pp. pp. 1-28, https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2021.1893279.
[30] Buckles, K., M. Guldi et L. Schmidt (2019), Fertility Trends in the United States, 1980-2017: The Role of Unintended Births, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA, https://doi.org/10.3386/w25521.
[75] Buckles, K., D. Hungerman et S. Lugauer (2020), « Is Fertility a Leading Economic Indicator? », The Economic Journal, vol. 131/634, pp. pp. 541-565, https://doi.org/10.1093/ej/ueaa068.
[10] Burkimsher, M. (2015), « Europe-wide fertility trends since the 1990s: Turning the corner from declining first birth rates », Demographic Research, vol. 32, pp. pp. 621-656, https://doi.org/10.4054/demres.2015.32.21.
[69] Causa, O., N. Luu et M. Abendschein (2021), Labour market transitions across OECD countries: Stylised facts, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/62c85872-en.
[127] Chuard, C. et P. Chuard-Keller (2021), « Baby bonus in Switzerland: Effects on fertility, newborn health, and birth-scheduling », Health Economics (Royaume-Uni), vol. 30/9, https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.4366.
[51] Chudnovskaya, M. (2019), « Trends in Childlessness Among Highly Educated Men in Sweden », European Journal of Population, vol. 35/5, pp. pp. 939-958, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-018-9511-3.
[68] Chung, H., S. Bekker et H. Houwing (2012), « Young people and the post-recession labour market in the context of Europe 2020 », Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research, vol. 18/3, pp. pp. 301-317, https://doi.org/10.1177/1024258912448590.
[108] Chung, H. et B. Meuleman (2017), « European parents’ attitudes towards public childcare provision: the role of current provisions, interests and ideologies », European Societies, vol. 19/1, pp. pp. 49-68, https://doi.org/10.1080/14616696.2016.1235218.
[46] Ciganda, D., A. Lorenti et L. Dommermuth (2021), « Changes in the educational gradient of fertility not driven by changes in preferences », MPIDR Working Paper, vol. 2021/016, https://www.demogr.mpg.de/papers/working/wp-2021-016.pdf.
[153] Climate Strike Canada (2019), No Future No Children Pledge, https://www.climatestrikecanada.org/no-future-no-children.
[72] Comolli, C. (2017), « The fertility response to the Great Recession in Europe and the United States: Structural economic conditions and perceived economic uncertainty », Demographic Research, vol. 36, pp. pp. 1549-1600, https://doi.org/10.4054/demres.2017.36.51.
[54] Comolli, C. et al. (2021), « Beyond the Economic Gaze: Childbearing During and After Recessions in the Nordic Countries », European Journal of Population, vol. 37/2, pp. pp. 473-520, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-020-09570-0.
[73] Comolli, C. et D. Vignoli (2021), « Spreading Uncertainty, Shrinking Birth Rates: A Natural Experiment for Italy », European Sociological Review, vol. 37/4, pp. pp. 555-570, https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcab001.
[146] Cools, S. et M. Strøm (2020), Ønsker om barn: en spørreundersøkelse om fertilitet, arbeidsliv og familiepolitikk, Institut for samfunnsforskning, https://samfunnsforskning.brage.unit.no/samfunnsforskning-xmlui/handle/11250/2645776.
[138] Cournède, B. et M. Plouin (2022), No Home for The Young? Stylised Facts and Policy Challenges, OECD, Paris, https://www.oecd.org/housing/no-home-for-the-young.pdf.
[99] Cygan-Rehm, K. (2015), « Parental leave benefit and differential fertility responses: evidence from a German reform », Journal of Population Economics, vol. 29/1, pp. pp. 73-103, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-015-0562-z.
[97] Dahl, G. et al. (2016), « What is the case for paid maternity leave? », Review of Economics and Statistics, vol. 98/4, https://doi.org/10.1162/REST_a_00602.
[21] DANE (2023), Estadísticas Vitales (EEVV), Nacimientos en Colombia, https://www.dane.gov.co/files/operaciones/EEVV/bol-EEVV-Nacimientos-IIItrim2023.pdf (consulté le 14 March 2024).
[42] Département des affaires économiques et sociales des Nations Unies, Division de la population (2020), World Fertility and Family Planning 2020: Highlights, https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/family/World_Fertility_and_Family_Planning_2020_Highlights.pdf.
[32] Doepke, M. et al. (2022), The Economics of Fertility: A New Era, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA, https://doi.org/10.3386/w29948.
[160] Doepke, M. et F. Kindermann (2019), « Bargaining over Babies: Theory, Evidence, and Policy Implications », American Economic Review, vol. 109/9, pp. pp. 3264-3306, https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20160328.
[100] Duvander, A. et al. (2019), « Parental leave policies and continued childbearing in Iceland, Norway, and Sweden », Demographic Research, vol. 40, pp. pp. 1501-1528, https://doi.org/10.4054/demres.2019.40.51.
[101] Duvander, A., T. Lappegård et G. Andersson (2010), « Family policy and fertility: fathers’ and mothers’ use of parental leave and continued childbearing in Norway and Sweden », Journal of European Social Policy, vol. 20/1, pp. pp. 45-57, https://doi.org/10.1177/0958928709352541.
[121] Ekert, M. (2022), « Subject: Econometric analysis of the “family 500+” program – a study of the impact of the social benefit on the fertility of poles », https://doi.org/10.19253/reme.2022.01.001.
[148] Ellingsæter, A., R. Kitterød et M. Hansen (2022), « How does parental time relate to social class in a Nordic welfare state? », Acta Sociologica, vol. 65/2, https://doi.org/10.1177/00016993211052079.
[129] El-Mallakh, N. (2021), « Fertility, Family Policy, and Labor Supply: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from France », SSRN Electronic Journal, https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3969868.
[137] Esteve, A. et al. (2020), Moving out the parental home and partnership formation as social determinants of low fertility, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, https://doi.org/10.1553/populationyearbook2020.deb02.
[102] Farré, L. et L. González (2019), « Does paternity leave reduce fertility? », Journal of Public Economics, vol. 172, pp. pp. 52-66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2018.12.002.
[81] FEM (2024), The Global Risks Report 2024, https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_The_Global_Risks_Report_2024.pdf.
[40] Fluchtmann, J., M. Keese et W. Adema (2024), Gender equality and economic growth : Past progress and future potential, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/fb0a0a93-en.
[2] Fluchtmann, J., V. van Veen et W. Adema (2023), Fertility, employment and family policy : A cross-country panel analysis, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/326844f0-en.
[109] Fukai, T. (2017), « Childcare availability and fertility: Evidence from municipalities in Japan », Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, vol. 43, pp. pp. 1-18, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjie.2016.11.003.
[154] Fu, X., M. Schneider-Mayerson et M. Montefrio (2022), « The reproductive climate concerns of young, educated Chinese: ‘when the nest is upset, no egg is left intact’ », Environmental Sociology, https://doi.org/10.1080/23251042.2022.2132629.
[166] Gaskins, A. et al. (2015), « Work schedule and physical factors in relation to fecundity in nurses », Occupational and Environmental Medicine, vol. 72/11, pp. pp. 777-783, https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2015-103026.
[76] Gatta, A. et al. (2021), « Employment uncertainty and fertility intentions: Stability or resilience? », Population Studies, https://doi.org/10.1080/00324728.2021.1939406.
[31] Gershoni, N. et C. Low (2021), « Older Yet Fairer: How Extended Reproductive Time Horizons Reshaped Marriage Patterns in Israel », American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, vol. 13/1, pp. pp. 198-234, https://doi.org/10.1257/app.20180780.
[156] Goldscheider, F., E. Bernhardt et T. Lappegård (2015), « The Gender Revolution: A Framework for Understanding Changing Family and Demographic Behavior », Population and Development Review, vol. 41/2, pp. pp. 207-239, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2015.00045.x.
[128] González, L. et S. Trommlerová (2021), « Cash Transfers and Fertility: How the Introduction and Cancellation of a Child Benefit Affected Births and Abortions », Journal of Human Resources, pp. 0220-10725R2, https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.59.1.0220-10725r2.
[107] Gray, E. et al. (2022), Impacts of Policies on Fertility Rates, https://population.gov.au/sites/population.gov.au/files/2022-03/ANU_Impacts-of-Policies-on-Fertility-Rates-Full-report.pdf.
[80] Guetto, R., G. Bazzani et D. Vignoli (2020), « Narratives of the future shape fertility in uncertain times. Evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic », DISIA Working Paper, vol. 11, https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:fir:econom:wp2020_11.
[37] Guillemette, Y. et D. Turner (2021), The long game: Fiscal outlooks to 2060 underline need for structural reform, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/a112307e-en.
[136] Gurov, I. et E. Kulikova (2022), « Fertility-Household Credit Burden Nexus at the Present Stage », Population and Economics, vol. 6/1, pp. pp. 36-61, https://doi.org/10.3897/popecon.6.e76066.
[85] Guzmán, J. (2009), Population Dynamics and Climate Change, FNUAP et IIED, https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/pop_dynamics_climate_change_0.pdf.
[142] Guzzo, K. (2022), « The Formation and Realization of Fertility Goals Among a US Cohort in the Post-Recession Years », Population and development review, pp. pp. 1-36, https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12509.
[61] Hart, R. (2015), « Earnings and first birth probability among Norwegian men and women 1995-2010 », Demographic Research, vol. 33/1, https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2015.33.38.
[104] Hart, R., S. Andersen et N. Drange (2022), « Effects of extended paternity leave on family dynamics », Journal of Marriage and Family, vol. 84/3, pp. pp. 814-839, https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.12818.
[49] Hazan, M., D. Weiss et H. Zoabi (2021), « Marketization and the Fertility of Highly Educated Women along the Extensive and Intensive Margin », n° 16647, https://cepr.org/publications/dp16647.
[89] Heckman, J. et D. Masterov (2007), « The Productivity Argument for Investing in Young Children », Review of Agricultural Economics, vol. 29/3, pp. pp. 446-493, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9353.2007.00359.x.
[140] Hellstrand, J., J. Nisén et M. Myrskylä (2022), « Less Partnering, Less Children, or Both? Analysis of the Drivers of First Birth Decline in Finland Since 2010 », European Journal of Population, vol. 38, pp. pp. 191-221, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-022-09605-8.
[25] Huang, B. et al. (2023), « Global, regional and national burden of male infertility in 204 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019: an analysis of global burden of disease study », BMC Public Health, vol. 23/1, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16793-3.
[22] INEGI (2023), Estadistica de Nacimientos Registrados (ENR) 2022, https://www.inegi.org.mx/contenidos/saladeprensa/boletines/2023/NR/NR2022.pdf (consulté le 14 March 2024).
[82] Ivanova, K. et N. Balbo (2024), « Societal Pessimism and the Transition to Parenthood: A Future Too Bleak to Have Children? », Population and Development Review, https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12620.
[45] Jalovaara, M. et al. (2019), « Education, Gender, and Cohort Fertility in the Nordic Countries », European Journal of Population, vol. 35/3, pp. pp. 563-586, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-018-9492-2.
[151] Jenkins, L. (2020), 1 in 4 Childless Adults Say Climate Change Has Factored Into Their Reproductive Decisions, https://morningconsult.com/2020/09/28/adults-children-climate-change-polling/.
[161] Jensen, A. (2013), A gender boomerang on fertility? How increasing expectations of fatherhood may prevent men from having children, Ralentissements, résistances et ruptures dans les transitions démographiques Chaire Quetelet 2010, https://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/pul:29303100278500.
[113] Jeong, K. et al. (2022), « The relationship between changes in the korean fertility rate and policies to encourage fertility », BMC Public Health, vol. 22/1, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14722-4.
[84] Jia, F. (dir. pub.) (2023), « Climate change, mental health, and reproductive decision-making: A systematic review », PLOS Climate, vol. 2/11, p. e0000236, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000236.
[114] Jones, G. (2019), « Ultra-low fertility in East Asia: policy responses and challenges », Asian Population Studies, vol. 15/2, pp. pp. 131-149, https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2019.1594656.
[83] Joris, W., L. Puustinen et L. d’Haenens (2018), « More news from the Euro front: How the press has been framing the Euro crisis in five EU countries », The International Communication Gazette, vol. 80/6, https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048518754375.
[130] Kim, J. et C. Sparks (2019), « The influence of housing on family size in South Korea: Unstable housing and parity specific risk. », Working Paper, https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/89gcu.
[112] Kleven, H. et al. (2022), Do Family Policies Reduce Gender Inequality? Evidence from 60 Years of Policy Experimentation, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA, https://doi.org/10.3386/w28082.
[57] Kleven, H. et al. (2019), « Child Penalties across Countries: Evidence and Explanations », AEA Papers and Proceedings, vol. 109, pp. pp. 122-126, https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20191078.
[158] Kolk, M. (2019), « Weak support for a U-shaped pattern between societal gender equality and fertility when comparing societies across time », Demographic Research, vol. 40, pp. pp. 27-48, https://www.jstor.org/stable/26726991.
[20] Köppen, K., M. Mazuy et L. Toulemon (2017), « Childlessness in France », dans Demographic Research Monographs, Childlessness in Europe : Contexts, Causes, and Consequences, Springer International Publishing, Cham, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44667-7_4.
[165] Kornstad, T. et M. Rønsen (2017), « Women’s Wages and Fertility Revisited Evidence from Norway », European Journal of Population, vol. 34/4, pp. pp. 491-518, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-017-9435-3.
[164] Lambert, A., M. Segú et C. Tiwari (2023), « Working Hours and Fertility: The Impact of Nonstandard Work Schedules on Childbearing in France », Journal of Family Issues, p. 0192513X2211509, https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513x221150975.
[159] Lappegård, T. (2020), « Future fertility trends are shaped at the intersection of gender and social stratification », Vienna Yearbook of Population Research, vol. 18, pp. pp. 43-48, https://doi.org/10.1553/populationyearbook2020.deb04.
[15] Lappegård, T. et al. (2022), « Understanding the positive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on women’s fertility in Norway », Statistics Norway Discussion Papers, vol. 979, https://www.ssb.no/befolkning/fodte-og-dode/artikler/understanding-the-positive-effects-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-womens-fertility-in-norway/_/attachment/inline/9c05a6f9-0100-4218-bccd-1659e96ae303:86ccb07957174d85769bb67c8e9a5ccbc0247814/DP979_web.pdf.
[147] Lebano, A. et L. Jamieson (2020), « Childbearing in Italy and Spain: Postponement Narratives », Population and Development Review, vol. 41/1, pp. pp. 121-144, https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12313.
[103] Lee, Y. (2022), « Is Leave for Fathers Pronatalist? A Mixed-Methods Study of the Impact of Fathers’ Uptake of Parental Leave on Couples’ Childbearing Intentions in South Korea », Population Research and Policy Review, vol. 41/4, pp. pp. 1471-1500, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-022-09697-4.
[29] Lindberg, L., J. Santelli et S. Desai (2018), « Changing Patterns of Contraceptive Use and the Decline in Rates of Pregnancy and Birth Among U.S. Adolescents, 2007–2014 », Journal of Adolescent Health, vol. 63/2, pp. pp. 253-256, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.05.017.
[55] Luci-Greulich, A. et O. Thévenon (2013), « The Impact of Family Policies on Fertility Trends in Developed Countries », European Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie, vol. 29/4, pp. pp. 387-416, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-013-9295-4.
[120] Magda, I. et al. (2019), « Family 500+ » - program evaluation and proposed changes, https://for.org.pl/en/publications/for-reports/report-family-500-program-evaluation-and-proposed-changes.
[1] Maslow, A. (1943), « A theory of human motivation. », Psychological Review, vol. 50/4, pp. pp. 370-396, https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346.
[122] Ministry of Family, Labour and Social Policy, Republic of Poland (2024), Family 800+. call for applications for the new benefit period starts on February 1, https://www.gov.pl/web/family/family-800-call-for-applications-for-the-new-benefit-period-starts-on-february-1# (consulté le 12 March 2024).
[145] Mynarska, M. et J. Rytel (2022), « Childbearing motivation at the onset of emerging adulthood », Journal of Youth Studies, https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2022.2080536.
[86] Natale, F., P. Ueffing et C. Deuster (2023), « How does population influence climate change? Evidence from Europe, 2023, Population and Societies, no. 614 », Population and Societies, vol. 614, https://www.ined.fr/en/publications/editions/population-and-societies/how-does-population-influence-climate-change-evidence-from/.
[71] Nieto, A. (2022), « Can subsidies to permanent employment change fertility decisions? », Labour Economics, vol. 78, p. 102219, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2022.102219.
[47] Nitsche, N. et al. (2018), « Partners’ Educational Pairings and Fertility Across Europe », Demography, vol. 55/4, pp. pp. 1195-1232, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-018-0681-8.
[12] OCDE (2024), Base de données de l’OCDE sur la famille, https://www.oecd.org/fr/els/famille/basededonnees.htm.
[115] OCDE (2024), OECD Economic Surveys: Japan 2024, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/41e807f9-en.
[92] OCDE (2024), The OECD tax-benefit data portal, https://www.oecd.org/els/soc/benefits-and-wages/data/.
[5] OCDE (2023), Base de données de l’OCDE sur le logement abordable, https://www.oecd.org/fr/social/base-de-donnees-logement-abordable/.
[59] OCDE (2023), Employment Database, https://www.oecd.org/fr/emploi/emp/basededonneesdelocdesurlemploi.htm.
[74] OCDE (2023), Exploring Norway’s Fertility, Work, and Family Policy Trends, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/f0c7bddf-en.
[4] OCDE (2023), Joining Forces for Gender Equality: What is Holding us Back?, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/67d48024-en.
[77] OCDE (2023), Main Findings from the 2022 OECD Risks that Matter Survey, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/70aea928-en.
[35] OCDE (2023), Panorama de la santé 2023 : Les indicateurs de l’OCDE, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/5108d4c7-fr.
[36] OCDE (2023), Pensions at a Glance 2023: OECD and G20 Indicators, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/678055dd-en.
[34] OCDE (2023), Perspectives des migrations internationales 2023, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/87c79978-fr.
[44] OCDE (2023), Regards sur l’éducation 2023 : Les indicateurs de l’OCDE, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/ffc3e63b-fr.
[105] OCDE (2022), Evolving Family Models in Spain : A New National Framework for Improved Support and Protection for Families, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/c27e63ab-en.
[131] OCDE (2022), Final consumption expenditure of households, https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?lang=fr&SubSessionId=fb84c61d-ebab-419a-bcab-0358cd5d8d12&themetreeid=15 (consulté le 2022).
[117] OCDE (2022), Reducing the Gender Employment Gap in Hungary, Gender Equality at Work, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/fe5bc945-en.
[58] OCDE (2022), The Role of Firms in the Gender Wage Gap in Germany, Gender Equality at Work, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/e8623d6f-en.
[133] OCDE (2021), Construire pour un avenir meilleur : des politiques pour un logement plus abordable, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/view/?ref=1060_1060075-0ejk3l4uil&title=ENG_OECD-affordable-housing-policies-brief.
[132] OCDE (2021), Pierre par pierre : Bâtir de meilleures politiques du logement, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/78520651-fr.
[134] OCDE (2020), Le logement social : un élément essentiel des politiques de logement d’hier et de demain, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://www.oecd.org/social/social-housing-policy-brief-2020.pdf.
[106] OCDE (2019), Rejuvenating Korea: Policies for a Changing Society, Gender Equality at Work, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/c5eed747-en.
[41] OCDE (2018), Atteindre l’égalité femmes-hommes : Un combat difficile, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264203426-fr.
[91] OCDE (2011), Assurer le bien-être des familles, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264098794-fr.
[17] OCDE (2010), OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies: Israel, OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264079267-en.
[90] OCDE (2008), Bébés et employeurs - Comment réconcilier travail et vie de famille : Synthèse des résultats dans les pays de l’OCDE, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264032460-fr.
[6] ONU DAES (2023), UN DESA Policy Brief No. 153: India overtakes China as the world’s most populous country, https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/wp-content/uploads/sites/45/PB153.pdf.
[56] Oshio, T. (2019), « Is a positive association between female employment and fertility still spurious in developed countries? », Demographic Research, vol. 41, pp. pp. 1277-1288, https://doi.org/10.4054/demres.2019.41.45.
[125] Parr, N. et R. Guest (2011), « The contribution of increases in family benefits to Australias early 21st-century fertility increase: An empirical analysis », Demographic Research, vol. 25, pp. pp. 215-244, https://doi.org/10.4054/demres.2011.25.6.
[155] Pew Research Center (2019), A Changing World: Global Views on Diversity, Gender Equality, Family Life and the Importance of Religion, Pew Research Center, https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2019/04/22/a-changing-world-global-views-on-diversity-gender-equality-family-life-and-the-importance-of-religion/.
[123] Polish Government (2022), Strategia Demograficzna 2040, https://www.gov.pl/web/demografia/strategia.
[13] Pomar, L. et al. (2022), « Impact of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on birth rates in Europe: a time series analysis in 24 countries », Human Reproduction, https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deac215.
[98] Raute, A. (2019), « Can financial incentives reduce the baby gap? Evidence from a reform in maternity leave benefits », Journal of Public Economics, vol. 169, pp. pp. 203-222, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2018.07.010.
[157] Raybould, A. et R. Sear (2021), « Children of the (gender) revolution: A theoretical and empirical synthesis of how gendered division of labour influences fertility », Population Studies, vol. 75/2, pp. pp. 169-190, https://doi.org/10.1080/00324728.2020.1851748.
[110] Rindfuss, R. et al. (2007), « Child care availability and first-birth timing in Norway », Demography, vol. 44/2, https://doi.org/10.1353/dem.2007.0017.
[111] Rindfuss, R. et al. (2010), « Child-Care Availability and Fertility in Norway », Population and Development Review, vol. 36/4, pp. pp. 725-748, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2010.00355.x.
[126] Riphahn, R. et F. Wiynck (2017), « Fertility effects of child benefits », Journal of Population Economics, vol. 30/4, pp. pp. 1135-1184, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-017-0647-y.
[141] Rotkirch, A. (2020), « The wish for a child », Vienna Yearbook of Population Research, vol. 18, pp. pp. 49-61, https://doi.org/10.1553/populationyearbook2020.deb05.
[38] Rouzet, D. et al. (2019), Fiscal challenges and inclusive growth in ageing societies, Éditions OCDE, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/c553d8d2-en.
[144] Savelieva, K., M. Jokela et A. Rotkirch (2022), « Reasons to postpone childbearing during fertility decline in Finland », Marriage & Family Review, https://doi.org/10.1080/01494929.2022.2083283.
[64] Seltzer, N. (2019), « Beyond the Great Recession: Labor Market Polarization and Ongoing Fertility Decline in the United States », Demography, vol. 56/4, pp. pp. 1463-1493, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-019-00790-6.
[26] Skakkebaek, N. et al. (2019), « Populations, decreasing fertility, and reproductive health », The Lancet, vol. 393/10180, pp. pp. 1500-1501, https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(19)30690-7.
[9] Skirbekk, V. (2022), Decline and Prosper!, Springer International Publishing, Cham, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91611-4.
[139] Sobotka, T. (2008), « Overview Chapter 6: The diverse faces of the Second Demographic Transition in Europe », Demographic Research, vol. 19, pp. pp. 171-224, https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2008.19.8.
[16] Sobotka, T. et al. (2023), « Pandemic Roller‐Coaster? Birth Trends in Higher‐Income Countries During the COVID‐19 Pandemic », Population and Development Review, https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12544.
[149] SSB (2022), Time spent on different activities an average day (hours and minutes), by all activities, sex, age, contents and year, Statistics Norway, https://www.ssb.no/en/statbank/table/05994/tableViewLayout1/.
[163] Staatscommissie Demografische Ontwikkelingen 2025 (2024), Gematigde Groei , https://open.overheid.nl/documenten/c06c6800-351f-401f-9d7f-942c756a264a/file.
[33] Sundhedsdatastyrelsen (2021), Assisteret reproduktion 2019, https://sundhedsdatastyrelsen.dk/da/tal-og-analyser/analyser-og-rapporter/sygdomme-og-behandlinger/assisteret-reproduktion.
[119] Szabó-Morvai, Á. et al. (2019), Evaluation of family policy measures and their impact on fertility, HÉTFA Research Institute, https://hetfa.hu/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/2019_fertilitymodels-family-policy.pdf.
[118] Szántó, I. (2021), Child and Family Benefits to Halt Hungary’s Population Decline, 1965-2020: A Comparison with Polish and Romanian Family Policies, http://ahea.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/ahea/article/view/429.
[116] Tan, P., S. Morgan et E. Zagheni (2016), « A Case for “Reverse One-Child” Policies in Japan and South Korea? Examining the Link Between Education Costs and Lowest-Low Fertility », Population Research and Policy Review, vol. 35/3, pp. pp. 327-350, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-016-9390-4.
[19] Tanturri, M. et al. (2015), State-ofthe-art report Childlessness in Europe, https://www.ssb.no/befolkning/fodte-og-dode/artikler/understanding-the-positive-effects-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-womens-fertility-in-norway/_/attachment/inline/9c05a6f9-0100-4218-bccd-1659e96ae303:86ccb07957174d85769bb67c8e9a5ccbc0247814/DP979_web.pdf.
[88] Thévenon, O. et A. Gauthier (2011), « Family policies in developed countries: a ‘fertility-booster’ with side-effects », Community, Work & Family, vol. 14/2, pp. pp. 197-216, https://doi.org/10.1080/13668803.2011.571400.
[95] Thomas, J. et al. (2022), « The effect of leave policies on increasing fertility: a systematic review », Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, vol. 9/1, https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-022-01270-w.
[28] Tridenti, G. et C. Vezzani (2022), « 035 What to do when it fails? Teenage pregnancy in Europe », European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, vol. 273, pp. e13-e14, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2022.02.064.
[50] Trimarchi, A. et J. van Bavel (2017), « Education and the Transition to Fatherhood: The Role of Selection Into Union », Demography, vol. 54/1, pp. pp. 119-144, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-016-0533-3.
[24] Turner, K. et al. (2020), « Male Infertility is a Women’s Health Issue—Research and Clinical Evaluation of Male Infertility Is Needed », Cells, vol. 9/4, p. 990, https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9040990.
[7] UN DESA Population Division (2022), « World Population Prospects 2022: Summary of Results », UN DESA/POP/2022/TR/NO. 3., https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/sites/www.un.org.development.desa.pd/files/wpp2022_summary_of_results.pdf.
[70] van Wijk, D., H. de Valk et A. Liefbroer (2022), « Economic Precariousness and the Transition to Parenthood: A Dynamic and Multidimensional Approach », European Journal of Population, vol. 38/3, pp. pp. 457-483, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-022-09617-4.
[78] Vignoli, D. et al. (2020), « A reflection on economic uncertainty and fertility in Europe: A Narrative Framework », Genus, vol. 76/28, https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-020-00094-3.
[79] Vignoli, D. et al. (2021), « Economic Uncertainty and Fertility Intentions: The Causal Effect of Narratives of the Future », DISTA working papers.
[65] Vignoli, D., V. Tocchioni et A. Mattei (2020), « The impact of job uncertainty on first-birth postponement », Advances in Life Course Research, vol. 45, p. 100308, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcr.2019.100308.
[18] Weinreb, A. (2023), Israel’s Demography 2023: Declining Fertility, Migration, and Mortality, Taub Center for Social Policy Studies in Israel, https://www.taubcenter.org.il/en/research/demography-2023-overview/ (consulté le 16 May 2024).
[66] Yoo., J. (2022), Comparative analysis of marriage and birth rates according to employee characteristics., http://www.keri.org/web/www/research_0201 (consulté le November 2023).